Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-53540

High

Published: 07 July 2025

Published
07 July 2025
Modified
15 April 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v4 8.7 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0077 74.0th percentile
Risk Priority 18 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-53540 is a high-severity CSRF (CWE-352) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 8.7 (High).

Operationally, ranked in the top 26.0% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

arduino-esp32 is an Arduino core for the ESP32, ESP32-S2, ESP32-S3, ESP32-C3, ESP32-C6 and ESP32-H2 microcontrollers. Several OTA update examples and the HTTPUpdateServer implementation are vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF). The update endpoints accept POST requests for firmware uploads without…

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CSRF protection. This allows an attacker to upload and execute arbitrary firmware, resulting in remote code execution (RCE). This vulnerability is fixed in 3.2.1.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

No named actor attribution yet. ATT&CK technique mapping in progress for this CVE.

Affected Assets

Mitigating Controls

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-352

Awareness training educates users on avoiding untrusted links and actions that can be exploited via CSRF.

addresses: CWE-352

Requiring user re-entry of credentials for sensitive actions prevents automated forgery of requests without active user participation.

addresses: CWE-352

Security testing regimens explicitly include checks for missing or ineffective anti-CSRF protections in web applications.

addresses: CWE-352

Detects anomalous request patterns consistent with cross-site request forgery.

References