Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-53578

High

Published: 28 August 2025

Published
28 August 2025
Modified
23 April 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 8.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0013 31.9th percentile
Risk Priority 16 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-53578 is a high-severity PHP Remote File Inclusion (CWE-98) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 8.1 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 31.9th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190). What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Directly addresses the improper filename control in PHP include/require by requiring validation of user-supplied inputs to prevent local file inclusion.

prevent

Mandates timely remediation of the specific flaw in the gavias Kipso WordPress theme versions through 1.3.4 to eliminate the vulnerability.

prevent

Enforces secure configuration settings in PHP, such as disabling allow_url_include and open_basedir restrictions, to limit potential file inclusion exploits.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
Why these techniques?

LFI vulnerability in public-facing WordPress theme directly enables remote exploitation of web application for initial access and arbitrary file/code inclusion.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in gavias Kipso kipso allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Kipso: from n/a through <= 1.3.4.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-53578 is an Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program vulnerability, known as PHP Remote File Inclusion but enabling PHP Local File Inclusion, affecting the gavias Kipso WordPress theme. This issue impacts versions from n/a through 1.3.4 and was published on 2025-08-28. It is associated with CWE-98 and carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.1 (AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

Unauthenticated remote attackers can exploit this vulnerability over the network, though it requires high attack complexity and no user interaction. Successful exploitation allows high-impact consequences, including unauthorized access to confidential data, modification of system integrity, and disruption of availability.

Mitigation details are available in the Patchstack advisory at https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Theme/kipso/vulnerability/wordpress-kipso-theme-1-3-4-local-file-inclusion-vulnerability?_s_id=cve.

Details

CWE(s)

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-53334Shared CWE-98
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CVE-2025-69396Shared CWE-98

References