Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-58889

High

Published: 18 December 2025

Published
18 December 2025
Modified
27 April 2026
KEV Added
—
Patch
—
CVSS Score v3.1 8.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0042 32.9th percentile
Risk Priority 16 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-58889 is a high-severity PHP Remote File Inclusion (CWE-98) vulnerability in Axiomthemes Towny. Its CVSS base score is 8.1 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 32.9th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Deeper analysis

CVE-2025-58889 is an Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement vulnerability, classified as a PHP Remote File Inclusion issue that enables PHP Local File Inclusion, affecting the Towny WordPress theme developed by axiomthemes. This flaw impacts Towny versions from n/a through 1.16 inclusive, stemming from CWE-98.

Unauthenticated remote attackers can exploit this vulnerability over the network, though it requires high attack complexity and no user interaction. Successful exploitation yields high impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, as reflected in its CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.1 (AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

The Patchstack advisory at https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Theme/towny/vulnerability/wordpress-towny-theme-1-16-local-file-inclusion-vulnerability?_s_id=cve documents this local file inclusion vulnerability in the Towny theme version 1.16 and provides details on associated mitigations.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in axiomthemes Towny towny allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Towny: from n/a through <= 1.16.

CWE(s)
CWE-98

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
attack.mitre.org →
Why these techniques?

The vulnerability is an unauthenticated remote Local File Inclusion (LFI) in a public-facing WordPress theme, directly enabling exploitation of a public-facing application.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-58935Same vendor: Axiomthemes
CVE-2025-60061Same vendor: Axiomthemes
CVE-2025-60063Same vendor: Axiomthemes
CVE-2025-53449Same vendor: Axiomthemes
CVE-2025-58950Same vendor: Axiomthemes
CVE-2025-53446Same vendor: Axiomthemes
CVE-2025-60064Same vendor: Axiomthemes
CVE-2025-53445Same vendor: Axiomthemes
CVE-2025-58928Same vendor: Axiomthemes
CVE-2025-60046Same vendor: Axiomthemes

Affected Assets

axiomthemes
towny
≤ 1.16

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

SI-2 Flaw Remediation good match
prevent

Directly mitigates the specific PHP Local File Inclusion flaw in Towny theme by identifying, reporting, and applying patches or updates to remediate the vulnerability.

SI-10 Information Input Validation good match
prevent

Prevents exploitation of improper filename control in include/require statements by validating user-supplied inputs for malicious file paths.

CM-6 Configuration Settings partial match
prevent

Mitigates file inclusion risks by enforcing restrictive PHP configuration settings such as open_basedir or disabling allow_url_include to limit arbitrary file access.

References