CVE-2025-5905
Published: 10 June 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-5905 is a high-severity Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer (CWE-119) vulnerability in Totolink T10 Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 7.4 (High).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 19.0% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.
Deeper analysis
A buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the TOTOLINK T10 router running firmware version 4.1.8cu.5207. The flaw resides in the setWiFiRepeaterCfg function inside the /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi file of the POST Request Handler component, where improper handling of the Password argument triggers the overflow. It is tracked under CWE-119 and CWE-120 and rated 7.4 on the CVSS 4.0 scale.
An authenticated attacker with network access can send a crafted POST request to the affected endpoint, achieving remote code execution or a denial-of-service condition on the device. Public exploit code for the issue has already been released.
The current EPSS score sits at 0.0142 with a recorded peak of only 0.0143, indicating limited observed exploitation interest to date. Details appear in public vulnerability databases and a disclosure note, while the vendor site offers general product information without specific remediation guidance in the available references.
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-17608
Vulnerability details
A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK T10 4.1.8cu.5207. It has been rated as critical. Affected by this issue is the function setWiFiRepeaterCfg of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi of the component POST Request Handler. The manipulation of the argument Password leads to…
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buffer overflow. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
Buffer overflow in public-facing router web CGI (/cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi) via remote POST request enables exploitation for initial access (T1190) and application denial of service via crash (T1499.004).
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Likely Mitigating Controls AI
Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.
Managed runtimes used by platform-independent applications (e.g., JVM, CLR) enforce memory safety, preventing most buffer overflows that require direct memory manipulation.
Ongoing control assessments and code testing (static/dynamic analysis, fuzzing) surface memory buffer restriction failures, which are then remediated before release.
Memory protections (e.g., W^X, ASLR) make exploitation of buffer-boundary violations far harder to turn into code execution.
Detects exploitation attempts that produce memory corruption, crashes, or anomalous behavior.