CVE-2025-5903
Published: 10 June 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-5903 is a high-severity Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer (CWE-119) vulnerability in Totolink T10 Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 7.4 (High).
Operationally, ranked in the top 19.0% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.
Deeper analysis
A buffer overflow vulnerability classified under CWE-119 and CWE-120 affects the TOTOLINK T10 router running firmware version 4.1.8cu.5207. The flaw resides in the setWiFiAclRules function of the POST Request Handler component at /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi, where improper handling of the desc argument allows memory corruption.
An authenticated remote attacker can exploit the issue by submitting a crafted POST request containing an oversized desc value. Successful exploitation can lead to arbitrary code execution with high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, as reflected in the CVSS 7.4 rating. A public proof-of-concept has been disclosed, enabling potential reuse by threat actors.
The associated EPSS score remains low at approximately 0.0142 with negligible change from its recorded peak, indicating limited observed exploitation interest to date. No vendor advisory or patch details are provided in the available references.
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-17612
Vulnerability details
A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK T10 4.1.8cu.5207. It has been classified as critical. Affected is the function setWiFiAclRules of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi of the component POST Request Handler. The manipulation of the argument desc leads to buffer overflow. It…
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is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
No named actor attribution yet. ATT&CK technique mapping in progress for this CVE.
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Likely Mitigating Controls AI
Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.
Managed runtimes used by platform-independent applications (e.g., JVM, CLR) enforce memory safety, preventing most buffer overflows that require direct memory manipulation.
Ongoing control assessments and code testing (static/dynamic analysis, fuzzing) surface memory buffer restriction failures, which are then remediated before release.
Memory protections (e.g., W^X, ASLR) make exploitation of buffer-boundary violations far harder to turn into code execution.
Detects exploitation attempts that produce memory corruption, crashes, or anomalous behavior.