Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-64525

MediumPublic PoC

Published: 13 November 2025

Published
13 November 2025
Modified
25 November 2025
KEV Added
—
Patch
—
CVSS Score v3.1 6.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L
EPSS Score 0.0132 80.3th percentile
Risk Priority 14 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-64525 is a medium-severity SSRF (CWE-918) vulnerability in Astro Astro. Its CVSS base score is 6.5 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 19.7% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

Astro is a web framework. In Astro versions 2.16.0 up to but excluding 5.15.5 which utilizeon-demand rendering, request headers `x-forwarded-proto` and `x-forwarded-port` are insecurely used, without sanitization, to build the URL. This has several consequences, the most important of which…

more

are: middleware-based protected route bypass (only via `x-forwarded-proto`), DoS via cache poisoning (if a CDN is present), SSRF (only via `x-forwarded-proto`), URL pollution (potential SXSS, if a CDN is present), and WAF bypass. Version 5.15.5 contains a patch.

CWE(s)
CWE-918

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
attack.mitre.org →
T1046 Network Service Discovery Discovery
Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of services running on remote hosts and local network infrastructure devices, including those that may be vulnerable to remote software exploitation.
attack.mitre.org →
T1211 Exploitation for Stealth Stealth
Adversaries may exploit vulnerabilities to evade detection by hiding activity, suppressing logging, or operating within trusted or unmonitored components.
attack.mitre.org →
T1499 Endpoint Denial of Service Impact
Adversaries may perform Endpoint Denial of Service (DoS) attacks to degrade or block the availability of services to users.
attack.mitre.org →
T1685 Disable or Modify Tools Defense Impairment
Adversaries may disable, degrade, or tamper with security tools or applications (e.
attack.mitre.org →
Why these techniques?

Vulnerability in public-facing web framework enables exploitation (T1190), SSRF for network service discovery (T1046), defense evasion via middleware/WAF bypass (T1211), endpoint DoS via cache poisoning (T1499), and impairment of defenses (T1562).

MITRE ATLAS TechniquesAI

MITRE ATLAS techniques

AML.T0040: AI Model Inference API AccessAML.T0048: External Harms

Affected Assets

astro
astro
2.16.0 — 5.15.5

Mitigating Controls

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

CA-8 Penetration Testing
addresses: CWE-918

Penetration testing attempts server-side requests to internal resources, identifying SSRF weaknesses for remediation.

SC-7 Boundary Protection
addresses: CWE-918

Outbound connections to external resources can be monitored and limited at the boundary, reducing SSRF impact.

SI-10 Information Input Validation
addresses: CWE-918

Validates server-side URLs and resource references to block SSRF attempts.

SI-4 System Monitoring
addresses: CWE-918

Detects server-side request forgery through monitoring of unexpected outbound connections.

References