CVE-2025-7084
Published: 06 July 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-7084 is a high-severity Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer (CWE-119) vulnerability in Belkin F9K1122 Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 7.4 (High).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 17.1% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.
Deeper analysis
A critical vulnerability exists in Belkin F9K1122 version 1.00.33 in the webs component, specifically within the formWpsStart function of the /goform/formWpsStart endpoint. The flaw arises from insufficient bounds checking on the pinCode argument, which permits a stack-based buffer overflow corresponding to CWE-119 and CWE-121. The issue carries a CVSS 4.0 score of 7.4 reflecting network attack vector, low complexity, and high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability.
Remote attackers with valid low-privileged credentials can supply a malicious pinCode value to trigger the overflow and execute arbitrary code or crash the affected device. Public proof-of-concept code has been released, confirming that exploitation requires no user interaction and can be launched over the network.
The vendor was notified prior to disclosure but provided no response or patch. Public references consist of technical write-ups and a proof-of-concept on GitHub along with Vuldb entries that document the flaw without mitigation guidance. The associated EPSS score remains flat at 0.0174 with no observed increase after publication.
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-20141
Vulnerability details
A vulnerability was found in Belkin F9K1122 1.00.33. It has been declared as critical. This vulnerability affects the function formWpsStart of the file /goform/formWpsStart of the component webs. The manipulation of the argument pinCode leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The…
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attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
Stack-based buffer overflow in the unauthenticated web interface (/goform/formWpsStart) of the Belkin router enables remote code execution, directly facilitating exploitation of a public-facing application.
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Likely Mitigating Controls AI
Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.
Ongoing control assessments and code testing (static/dynamic analysis, fuzzing) surface memory buffer restriction failures, which are then remediated before release.
Managed runtimes used by platform-independent applications (e.g., JVM, CLR) enforce memory safety, preventing most buffer overflows that require direct memory manipulation.
Memory protections (e.g., W^X, ASLR) make exploitation of buffer-boundary violations far harder to turn into code execution.
Detects exploitation attempts that produce memory corruption, crashes, or anomalous behavior.