Security Resilience

CVE-2025-7090

Memory Safety in Belkin F9K1122 Firmware 1.00.33

Public PoCMemory Safety
Published
06 July 2025
Modified
17 June 2026
CVSS Score v4 7.4
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.068 94th percentile
Risk Priority 44 floored blend · peak EPSS

CVSS and EPSS are reproduced from their sources (NVD, FIRST EPSS). Risk Priority is our own derived reading, not an NVD score.

Summary

CVE-2025-7090 is a high-severity Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer (CWE-119) vulnerability in Belkin F9K1122 Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 7.4 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Compromise Infrastructure (T1584); ranked in the top 6% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the Belkin F9K1122 router firmware version 1.00.33. The flaw resides in the formConnectionSetting function within the /goform/formConnectionSetting endpoint of the webs component, where unsanitized input to the max_Conn and timeOut arguments can overflow a stack buffer. The issue is tracked as CWE-119 and CWE-121 and carries a CVSS 4.0 score of 7.4.

An attacker with low-privileged network access can send a crafted HTTP request to the affected endpoint, triggering the overflow to achieve arbitrary code execution or a denial of service on the device. The attack requires no user interaction and can be performed remotely; a functional proof-of-concept has been published.

No vendor patch or advisory has been issued, as Belkin did not respond to disclosure. Public references consist of a detailed technical write-up and exploit code on GitHub together with entries on VulDB; the associated EPSS score remains low and unchanged at 0.0116.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in Belkin F9K1122 1.00.33. Affected by this issue is the function formConnectionSetting of the file /goform/formConnectionSetting of the component webs. The manipulation of the argument max_Conn/timeOut leads to stack-based buffer…

more

overflow. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

CWE(s)
CWE-119CWE-121

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1584 Compromise Infrastructure Resource Development
Adversaries may compromise third-party infrastructure that can be used during targeting.
attack.mitre.org →
T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
attack.mitre.org →
T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution Execution
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.
attack.mitre.org →
T1189 Drive-by Compromise Initial Access
Adversaries may gain access to a system through a user visiting a website over the normal course of browsing.
attack.mitre.org →
T1210 Exploitation of Remote Services Lateral Movement
Adversaries may exploit remote services to gain unauthorized access to internal systems once inside of a network.
attack.mitre.org →
T1212 Exploitation for Credential Access Credential Access
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to collect credentials.
attack.mitre.org →
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-7085Same product: Belkin F9K1122
CVE-2025-7087Same product: Belkin F9K1122
CVE-2025-7089Same product: Belkin F9K1122
CVE-2025-7088Same product: Belkin F9K1122
CVE-2025-7084Same product: Belkin F9K1122
CVE-2026-5608Same product: Belkin F9K1122
CVE-2025-7093Same product: Belkin F9K1122
CVE-2025-7094Same product: Belkin F9K1122
CVE-2025-7086Same product: Belkin F9K1122
CVE-2025-7092Same product: Belkin F9K1122

Affected Assets

belkin
f9k1122 firmware
1.00.33

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

—

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

—

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)
  • 2 hardening rules · 2 OS baselines
Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)

—

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

SA-11 Developer Testing and Evaluation good match

Developer testing and analysis can discover stack-buffer overflows before deployment.

SI-10 Information Input Validation good match

Input validation directly stops untrusted data from exceeding stack buffer bounds.

SI-16 Memory Protection good match

Memory-protection mechanisms limit the ability to execute injected code after a stack overflow.

SA-8 Security and Privacy Engineering Principles partial match

Secure engineering principles require memory-safe design and coding that structurally avoids buffer-boundary violations.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
blocks

Secure-development practices directly prevent introduction of stack buffer overflows.

ID.RA-01 partial match
blocks

Vulnerability scanning can discover stack buffer overflows but does not prevent their introduction.

PR.PS-02 partial match
blocks

Patching eliminates known instances of the weakness after discovery.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

A.8.29 Security testing in development and acceptance mostly match
finds

Security testing in development catches out-of-bounds accesses before release, covering most instances of the weakness.

A.8.28 Secure coding partial match
prevents

Secure coding standards explicitly forbid unsafe buffer operations, directly eliminating CWE-119.

Hardening callouts derived

Configuration rules from DISA STIG baselines that bear on weaknesses of the type cited by this CVE. Each rule is shown with the relationship its mapping actually records, against the CWE it was authored against. Derived via CVE→CWE over `controls_xwalks` (higher-evidence rows only; rows rated `none` are excluded).

Oracle Linux 8 (1 rule)
  • V-248594 OL 8 must implement address space layout randomization (ASLR) to protect its memory from unauthorized code execution. blocks CWE-121
Oracle Linux 9 (1 rule)
  • V-271452 OL 9 must use a Linux Security Module configured to enforce limits on system services. blocks CWE-121

References