Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-7451

CriticalRCE

Published: 14 July 2025

Published
14 July 2025
Modified
15 April 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v4 9.3 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0107 78.1th percentile
Risk Priority 19 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-7451 is a critical-severity OS Command Injection (CWE-78) vulnerability in Org (inferred from references). Its CVSS base score is 9.3 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 21.9% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Deeper analysis

The iSherlock product developed by Hgiga contains an OS command injection vulnerability tracked as CVE-2025-7451 and assigned CWE-78. The flaw allows unauthenticated remote attackers to supply arbitrary operating-system commands that are executed on the server, rated at CVSS 9.3 with a network attack vector, no required privileges or user interaction, and full impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

Unauthenticated attackers reachable over the network can exploit the weakness to run arbitrary commands, resulting in complete compromise of the affected server. The vulnerability has already been exploited in the wild.

Public advisories published by Taiwan’s CERT on 14 July 2025 explicitly instruct administrators to apply vendor updates immediately; the referenced bulletins are available at the two twcert.org.tw URLs listed for the CVE.

The EPSS score has remained flat at 0.0107 from disclosure through the present peak, indicating no material increase in observed exploitation interest after publication.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

The iSherlock developed by Hgiga has an OS Command Injection vulnerability, allowing unauthenticated remote attackers to inject arbitrary OS commands and execute them on the server. This vulnerability has already been exploited. Please update immediately.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter Execution
Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.
Why these techniques?

OS command injection in public-facing server software directly enables unauthenticated remote exploitation (T1190) leading to arbitrary command execution via OS shell (T1059).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-60962Shared CWE-78
CVE-2025-23316Shared CWE-78
CVE-2026-30880Shared CWE-78
CVE-2025-64124Shared CWE-78
CVE-2024-58274Shared CWE-78
CVE-2026-34188Shared CWE-78
CVE-2025-0680Shared CWE-78
CVE-2026-5965Shared CWE-78
CVE-2025-50194Shared CWE-78
CVE-2026-44590Shared CWE-78

Affected Assets

Org
inferred from references and description; NVD did not file a CPE for this CVE

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Directly remediates the OS command injection vulnerability through timely flaw prioritization, testing, and patching as urged by vendor advisories.

prevent

Prevents OS command injection attacks by validating and sanitizing untrusted remote inputs to block arbitrary command execution.

detect

Enables detection of active exploitation by monitoring system processes, network traffic, and logs for indicators of unauthorized OS command execution.

References