Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-7783

Critical

Published: 18 July 2025

Published
18 July 2025
Modified
15 April 2026
KEV Added
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Patch
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CVSS Score v4 9.4 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0132 80.3th percentile
Risk Priority 20 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-7783 is a critical-severity Use of Insufficiently Random Values (CWE-330) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 9.4 (Critical).

Operationally, ranked in the top 19.7% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

Deeper analysis

The vulnerability is a Use of Insufficiently Random Values issue, tracked as CWE-330, that permits HTTP Parameter Pollution attacks. It resides in the form-data package, specifically in the lib/form_data.js file, and affects all versions prior to 2.5.4 as well as the 3.0.0–3.0.3 and 4.0.0–4.0.3 release ranges. The flaw carries a CVSS 4.0 score of 9.4.

An unauthenticated remote attacker can supply crafted input that exploits the insufficient randomness to pollute HTTP parameters processed by applications relying on form-data. Successful exploitation can result in high impact to confidentiality, integrity, and scope across both the vulnerable component and downstream systems.

The referenced GitHub security advisory GHSA-fjxv-7rqg-78g4 and accompanying commit 3d1723080e6577a66f17f163ecd345a21d8d0fd0 describe the fix, while the Debian LTS announcement provides distribution-specific guidance; mitigation consists of upgrading form-data to a patched release. The associated EPSS score remains low and unchanged at 0.0132.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

Use of Insufficiently Random Values vulnerability in form-data allows HTTP Parameter Pollution (HPP). This vulnerability is associated with program files lib/form_data.Js. This issue affects form-data: < 2.5.4, 3.0.0 - 3.0.3, 4.0.0 - 4.0.3.

CWE(s)
CWE-330

Related Threats

No named actor attribution yet. ATT&CK technique mapping in progress for this CVE.

Affected Assets

Mitigating Controls

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

SC-12 Cryptographic Key Establishment and Management
addresses: CWE-330

Key generation under controlled management uses approved random-bit sources rather than insufficiently random values.

References