Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-8736

Memory Safety

Published
08 August 2025
Modified
17 June 2026
CVSS Score v4 1.9
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0016 6th percentile
Risk Priority 15 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-8736 is a low-severity Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer (CWE-119) vulnerability in Google (inferred from references). Its CVSS base score is 1.9 (Low).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068); ranked at the 6th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-16 (Memory Protection) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in GNU cflow up to 1.8. Affected by this issue is the function yylex of the file c.c of the component Lexer. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. Local access…

more

is required to approach this attack. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
Why these techniques?

Local buffer overflow in CLI tool directly enables local exploitation for privilege escalation via crafted input.

Confidence: MEDIUM · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-1587Shared CWE-119, CWE-120
CVE-2026-1109Shared CWE-119, CWE-120
CVE-2026-1110Shared CWE-119, CWE-120
CVE-2025-3763Shared CWE-119, CWE-120
CVE-2026-6563Shared CWE-119, CWE-120
CVE-2025-1372Shared CWE-119, CWE-120
CVE-2025-9390Shared CWE-119, CWE-120
CVE-2026-1108Shared CWE-119, CWE-120
CVE-2026-2139Shared CWE-119, CWE-120
CVE-2026-3168Shared CWE-119, CWE-120

Affected Assets

Google
inferred from references and description; NVD did not file a CPE for this CVE

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)
  • SI-10 Information Input Validation
  • SI-16 Memory Protection
  • AC-6 Least Privilege
Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V17.3.2
  • V5.2.1

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Directly enforces validation of all input to the yylex lexer, blocking the oversized data that triggers the buffer overflow in c.c.

prevent

Applies memory-protection mechanisms (ASLR, non-executable stacks, bounds checking) that stop exploitation of the CWE-119/120 overflow even if input validation is incomplete.

prevent

Restricts the privileges of any local account that can invoke cflow, limiting the impact of a successful buffer-overflow exploit to the caller's context.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices (bounds checking, safe APIs, reviews) directly prevent this class of flaw.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Vulnerability scanning and code analysis directly surface buffer-boundary flaws.

ID.RA-08 partial match
prevents

Receiving and triaging vulnerability disclosures commonly includes buffer-related reports.

PR.AT-02 partial match
prevents

Developer training on secure coding reduces introduction of memory-buffer errors.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Patching replaces vulnerable code containing buffer-boundary defects.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

prevents

Secure coding directly requires bounds-checked memory operations, addressing the root cause of CWE-120.

detects

Security testing in development catches out-of-bounds accesses before release, covering most instances of the weakness.

prevents

Secure development lifecycle mandates memory-safety practices that directly prevent buffer-boundary violations.

prevents

Application security requirements can specify memory-safety rules, but do not prescribe implementation details.

prevents

Secure architecture and engineering principles include memory-safe design patterns that mitigate buffer overflows.

References