Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-9287

CriticalPublic PoC

Published: 20 August 2025

Published
20 August 2025
Modified
03 November 2025
KEV Added
—
Patch
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CVSS Score v4 9.1 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0014 34.2th percentile
Risk Priority 18 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-9287 is a critical-severity Improper Input Validation (CWE-20) vulnerability in Browserify Cipher-Base. Its CVSS base score is 9.1 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 34.2th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Deeper analysis

CVE-2025-9287 is an Improper Input Validation vulnerability in the cipher-base npm package that allows Input Data Manipulation. This issue affects cipher-base versions through 1.0.4. The vulnerability, associated with CWE-20, was published on 2025-08-20T22:15:30.557 and carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.1 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H).

The vulnerability can be exploited remotely over the network by unauthenticated attackers with low attack complexity and no user interaction required. Successful exploitation enables high-impact manipulation of input data, resulting in significant integrity and availability disruptions but no confidentiality impact.

Advisories and patches addressing mitigation are detailed in the GitHub security advisory at https://github.com/browserify/cipher-base/security/advisories/GHSA-cpq7-6gpm-g9rc, a related pull request at https://github.com/browserify/cipher-base/pull/23, and a Debian LTS announcement at https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/09/msg00005.html.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

Improper Input Validation vulnerability in cipher-base allows Input Data Manipulation.This issue affects cipher-base: through 1.0.4.

CWE(s)
CWE-20NVD-CWE-noinfo

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
attack.mitre.org →
T1565 Data Manipulation Impact
Adversaries may insert, delete, or manipulate data in order to influence external outcomes or hide activity, thus threatening the integrity of the data.
attack.mitre.org →
Why these techniques?

Remote unauthenticated improper input validation in crypto library directly enables exploitation of public-facing apps (T1190) and facilitates data manipulation attacks (T1565).

Confidence: MEDIUM · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-4755Shared CWE-20
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CVE-2025-21344Shared CWE-20
CVE-2025-43347Shared CWE-20
CVE-2026-29143Shared CWE-20
CVE-2026-2880Shared CWE-20
CVE-2025-1514Shared CWE-20
CVE-2026-26063Shared CWE-20

Affected Assets

browserify
cipher-base
≤ 1.0.4

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

SI-2 Flaw Remediation good match
prevent

Directly requires identification, reporting, and correction of flaws like the improper input validation in cipher-base versions through 1.0.4, with a patch available via GitHub PR #23.

SI-10 Information Input Validation good match
prevent

Enforces comprehensive validation of information inputs at system-defined points, countering the CWE-20 improper input validation that enables data manipulation in the vulnerable cipher-base library.

RA-5 Vulnerability Monitoring and Scanning partial match
detectrespond

Provides vulnerability scanning to identify and remediate the presence of vulnerable cipher-base versions, enabling proactive mitigation of this high-CVSS network-exploitable flaw.

References