Cyber Posture

CVE-2026-25115

Critical

Published: 04 February 2026

Published
04 February 2026
Modified
05 February 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 9.9 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0006 19.8th percentile
Risk Priority 20 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2026-25115 is a critical-severity Protection Mechanism Failure (CWE-693) vulnerability in N8N N8N. Its CVSS base score is 9.9 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Python (T1059.006); ranked at the 19.8th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SC-39 (Process Isolation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Python (T1059.006) and 2 other techniques. What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Requires timely remediation of identified software flaws, directly addressing the Python sandbox escape vulnerability in n8n by mandating patching to version 2.4.8.

prevent

Mandates maintaining separate execution domains for processes, directly preventing breakout from the Python Code node's sandbox environment.

prevent

Limits privileges of the n8n process to the minimum necessary, reducing the impact of arbitrary code execution even if sandbox escape occurs.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1059.006 Python Execution
Adversaries may abuse Python commands and scripts for execution.
T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
Why these techniques?

Sandbox escape in Python Code node directly enables arbitrary Python execution (T1059.006) by authenticated remote users; scope-changing RCE from low privileges maps to exploitation for privilege escalation (T1068) and public-facing application exploitation (T1190).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

n8n is an open source workflow automation platform. Prior to version 2.4.8, a vulnerability in the Python Code node allows authenticated users to break out of the Python sandbox environment and execute code outside the intended security boundary. This issue…

more

has been patched in version 2.4.8.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2026-25115 is a critical vulnerability (CVSS 9.9, CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H) affecting n8n, an open-source workflow automation platform. Prior to version 2.4.8, the Python Code node contains a flaw (CWE-693) that enables breakout from the intended Python sandbox environment, allowing execution of code beyond the security boundary.

Authenticated users with low privileges can exploit this vulnerability remotely over the network with low complexity and no user interaction required. Successful exploitation grants attackers the ability to execute arbitrary code with high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, particularly due to the changed scope (S:C).

The n8n security advisory at https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-8398-gmmx-564h confirms the issue has been addressed in version 2.4.8, recommending immediate upgrades for affected installations.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

n8n
n8n
≤ 2.4.8

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References