Cyber Resilience

CVE-2026-25828

Medium

Published: 12 February 2026

Published
12 February 2026
Modified
15 April 2026
KEV Added
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Patch
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CVSS Score v3.1 5.4 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
EPSS Score 0.0052 67.3th percentile
Risk Priority 11 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2026-25828 is a medium-severity OS Command Injection (CWE-78) vulnerability in Archlinux (inferred from references). Its CVSS base score is 5.4 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Unix Shell (T1059.004); ranked in the top 32.7% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

grub-btrfs through 2026-01-31 (on Arch Linux and derivative distributions) allows initramfs OS command injection because it does not sanitize the $root parameter to resolve_device(). NOTE: a third party reports "exploitation may not be feasible under normal conditions and may depend…

more

on specific implementation details within resolve_device."

CWE(s)
CWE-78

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1059.004 Unix Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution.
attack.mitre.org →
T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
attack.mitre.org →
Why these techniques?

CWE-78 OS command injection in grub-btrfs directly enables Unix shell command execution (T1059.004) and local privilege escalation via software exploitation (T1068).

Confidence: MEDIUM · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

Affected Assets

Archlinux
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inferred from references and description; NVD did not file a CPE for this CVE

Mitigating Controls

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

SC-27 Platform-independent Applications
addresses: CWE-78

Platform-independent apps typically execute inside a managed runtime or sandbox that restricts direct OS command execution, reducing the ability to exploit OS command injection.

SI-10 Information Input Validation
addresses: CWE-78

Validates inputs to block special elements that would alter OS command execution.

References