Cyber Resilience

CVE-2026-27602

RCE in Modoboa ≤ 2.7.1

Published
25 March 2026
Modified
26 March 2026
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 7.2
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0057 44th percentile
Risk Priority 53 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2026-27602 is a high-severity OS Command Injection (CWE-78) vulnerability in Modoboa Modoboa. Its CVSS base score is 7.2 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Command and Scripting Interpreter (T1059); ranked at the 44th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2026-27602 is a command injection vulnerability in Modoboa, an open-source mail hosting and management platform. The issue resides in the `exec_cmd()` function within `modoboa/lib/sysutils.py`, which executes subprocess calls with `shell=True` without sanitizing domain names that are directly incorporated into shell command strings. This affects all versions of Modoboa prior to 2.7.1 and is classified under CWE-78 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command), with a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.2 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A Reseller or SuperAdmin user with network access to the Modoboa instance can exploit this vulnerability by injecting shell metacharacters into a domain name field. Successful exploitation allows the attacker to execute arbitrary operating system commands on the server, potentially leading to high-impact confidentiality, integrity, and availability compromises, such as data exfiltration, modification, or server takeover.

Mitigation is available in Modoboa version 2.7.1, which patches the vulnerability by addressing the unsanitized domain name handling in shell commands. Official advisories and resources, including the GitHub security advisory (GHSA-wwv8-cqpr-vx3m), release notes for v2.7.1, and the specific commit (27a7aa133d3608fe8c25ae39125d1012c333cbfa), detail the fix and recommend immediate upgrading.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Modoboa is a mail hosting and management platform. Prior to version 2.7.1, `exec_cmd()` in `modoboa/lib/sysutils.py` always runs subprocess calls with `shell=True`. Since domain names flow directly into shell command strings without any sanitization, a Reseller or SuperAdmin can include shell…

more

metacharacters in a domain name to run arbitrary OS commands on the server. Version 2.7.1 patches the issue.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter Execution
Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.
T1059.003 Windows Command Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse the Windows command shell for execution.
T1059.004 Unix Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution.
T1059.001 PowerShell Execution
Adversaries may abuse PowerShell commands and scripts for execution.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2023-2228Same product: Modoboa Modoboa
CVE-2023-0398Same product: Modoboa Modoboa
CVE-2023-0438Same product: Modoboa Modoboa
CVE-2023-0777Same product: Modoboa Modoboa
CVE-2023-5690Same product: Modoboa Modoboa
CVE-2023-0406Same product: Modoboa Modoboa
CVE-2023-0519Same product: Modoboa Modoboa
CVE-2023-5688Same product: Modoboa Modoboa
CVE-2023-0949Same product: Modoboa Modoboa
CVE-2023-0470Same product: Modoboa Modoboa

Affected Assets

modoboa
modoboa
≤ 2.7.1

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.2.5
  • V1.2.8
  • V15.2.5

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Developer testing and evaluation can discover missing or incorrect command sanitization during development.

Input validation directly neutralizes or rejects special characters that would otherwise alter OS command structure.

Least privilege reduces the permissions available to any process that could be subverted by injected commands.

Least functionality restricts available OS commands and interpreters, limiting the blast radius of injection.

Secure engineering principles require proper neutralization of untrusted input before command construction.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

PR.PS-06's SDLC practices directly require secure coding and input handling that blocks command-injection defects, yet the single broad outcome leaves many specific neutralization vectors and verification gaps unaddressed.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Routine patching/maintenance can remediate known command-injection CVEs in dependencies (partial forward) but does nothing to stop developers from introducing improper neutralization in custom code (none reverse).

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing and code review target insecure use of operating-system command interfaces, catching command-injection flaws introduced during development.

References