Cyber Resilience

CVE-2026-28412

MediumPublic PoCDDoS

Published: 02 March 2026

Published
02 March 2026
Modified
10 March 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v3.1 6.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0006 19.7th percentile
Risk Priority 13 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2026-28412 is a medium-severity Uncontrolled Resource Consumption (CWE-400) vulnerability in Fka Textream. Its CVSS base score is 6.5 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Application or System Exploitation (T1499.004); ranked at the 19.7th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 AC-10 (Concurrent Session Control) and SC-5 (Denial-of-service Protection).

Deeper analysis

CVE-2026-28412 is a denial-of-service vulnerability in Textream, a free macOS teleprompter application. Prior to version 1.5.1, the DirectorServer WebSocket server within the app imposes no limit on concurrent connections. This issue, classified under CWE-400 (Uncontrolled Resource Consumption), combines with a broadcast timer that sends state updates to all connected clients every 100 milliseconds, enabling resource exhaustion. The vulnerability received a CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.5 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H) and was published on 2026-03-02.

A remote attacker can exploit this vulnerability by flooding the DirectorServer with concurrent WebSocket connections, overwhelming CPU and memory usage. This causes the Textream application to freeze and crash, particularly during live sessions. Exploitation requires no privileges but involves low complexity over the network and some user interaction, such as enabling the DirectorServer feature in the app.

Mitigation is available in Textream version 1.5.1, which addresses the unbounded connection issue. The GitHub security advisory (GHSA-qr5p-7x47-qxh9) and the fixing commit (3524fa96f98ba17025b48ce9e19d49d859fc2ec1) provide further details on the patch. Security practitioners should advise users to update to version 1.5.1 or later.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

Textream is a free macOS teleprompter app. Prior to version 1.5.1, the `DirectorServer` WebSocket server imposes no limit on concurrent connections. Combined with a broadcast timer that sends state to all connected clients every 100 ms, an attacker can exhaust…

more

CPU and memory by flooding the server with connections, causing the Textream application to freeze and crash during a live session. Version 1.5.1 fixes the issue.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1499.004 Application or System Exploitation Impact
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities that can cause an application or system to crash and deny availability to users.
Why these techniques?

CVE enables remote exploitation of unbounded WebSocket connections in the DirectorServer to trigger resource exhaustion and application crash, directly matching T1499.004 (Application or System Exploitation) for Endpoint Denial of Service.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-28403Same product: Fka Textream
CVE-2024-56921Shared CWE-400
CVE-2026-33538Shared CWE-400
CVE-2026-0517Shared CWE-400
CVE-2026-6051Shared CWE-400
CVE-2026-21945Shared CWE-400
CVE-2026-33750Shared CWE-400
CVE-2024-33618Shared CWE-400
CVE-2025-69534Shared CWE-400
CVE-2025-29487Shared CWE-400

Affected Assets

fka
textream
≤ 1.5.1

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Directly enforces a limit on concurrent WebSocket connections to the DirectorServer, preventing the unbounded connection flood that exhausts CPU and memory.

prevent

Requires mechanisms to protect against or limit the effects of denial-of-service attacks that exploit uncontrolled resource consumption via connection flooding.

prevent

Ensures availability of system resources by constraining allocation to the broadcast timer and client state updates, mitigating exhaustion from unlimited connections.

References