Cyber Resilience

CVE-2026-39415

Frappe Learning 2.0.0 – 2.46.0

Published
08 April 2026
Modified
24 July 2026
Patch / advisory
View advisory
CVSS Score v4 5.3
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0026 18th percentile
Risk Priority 35 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2026-39415 is a medium-severity Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security (CWE-602) vulnerability in Frappe Learning. Its CVSS base score is 5.3 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Transmitted Data Manipulation (T1565.002); ranked at the 18th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to AC-3 (Access Enforcement) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

A06:2025 Insecure Design

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Frappe Learning Management System (LMS) is a learning system that helps users structure their content. Prior to 2.46.0, a vulnerability has been identified in Frappe Learning where quiz scores can be modified by students before submission. The application currently relies…

more

on client-side calculated scores, which can be altered using browser developer tools prior to sending the submission request. While this does not allow modification of other users’ data or privilege escalation, it compromises the integrity of quiz results and undermines academic reliability. This issue affects data integrity but does not expose confidential information or allow unauthorized access to other accounts. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.46.0.

CWE(s)
CWE-602

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1565.002 Transmitted Data Manipulation Impact
Adversaries may alter data en route to storage or other systems in order to manipulate external outcomes or hide activity, thus threatening the integrity of the data.
attack.mitre.org →
Why these techniques?

Client-side score tampering enables transmitted data manipulation due to missing server-side validation (CWE-602).

Confidence: MEDIUM · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-67734Same product: Frappe Learning
CVE-2026-46546Same product: Frappe Learning
CVE-2025-55006Same product: Frappe Learning
CVE-2025-67730Same product: Frappe Learning
CVE-2026-26031Same product: Frappe Learning
CVE-2023-42807Same product: Frappe Learning
CVE-2026-26977Same product: Frappe Learning
CVE-2026-23497Same product: Frappe Learning
CVE-2025-11280Same product: Frappe Learning
CVE-2025-11282Same product: Frappe Learning

Affected Assets

frappe
learning
2.0.0 — 2.46.0

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)
  • SI-10 Information Input Validation
  • AC-3 Access Enforcement
  • SI-7 Software, Firmware, and Information Integrity
Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)
  • SI-7 Software, Firmware, and Information Integrity
Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

—

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V10.7.1
  • V2.2.2
  • V8.3.1
  • V10.4.1

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

SI-10 Information Input Validation good match
prevent

Requires the system to validate quiz answers and compute scores on the server rather than accepting client-supplied results.

AC-3 Access Enforcement good match
prevent

Enforces server-side access and authorization decisions so that submitted quiz data cannot be altered by the client before processing.

SI-7 Software, Firmware, and Information Integrity partial match
preventdetect

Protects the integrity of quiz result data by detecting unauthorized modification of information between client and authoritative processing.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly prevent design flaws that place server security enforcement on the client.

PR.AA-05 partial match
prevents

Proper policy-based enforcement of authorizations implies server-side controls rather than client-only checks.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

A.8.27 Secure system architecture and engineering principles mostly match
prevents

Secure architecture principles discourage client-side trust but do not directly address this weakness.

A.8.29 Security testing in development and acceptance mostly match
detects

Security testing can detect client-side enforcement but is not the primary mitigation.

A.8.3 Information access restriction mostly match
prevents

Information access restriction is undermined when the client is trusted to enforce it.

A.8.25 Secure development life cycle partial match
prevents

Secure development lifecycle mandates server-side validation and prevents reliance on client enforcement.

A.8.26 Application security requirements partial match
prevents

Application security requirements explicitly call for server-side enforcement of security mechanisms.

A.8.28 Secure coding partial match
prevents

Secure coding standards require server-side checks and reject client-only enforcement.

References