Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-11280

Frappe Learning 2.35.0

Public PoC
Published
05 October 2025
Modified
29 April 2026
CVSS Score v4 2.9
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0044 36th percentile
Risk Priority 15 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-11280 is a low-severity Forced Browsing (CWE-425) vulnerability in Frappe Learning. Its CVSS base score is 2.9 (Low).

Operationally, ranked at the 36th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to AC-3 (Access Enforcement) and AC-4 (Information Flow Enforcement) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

A flaw has been found in Frappe LMS 2.35.0. Impacted is an unknown function of the file /files/ of the component Assignment Picture Handler. This manipulation causes direct request. The attack may be initiated remotely. The attack's complexity is rated…

more

as high. The exploitability is considered difficult. The exploit has been published and may be used. It is advisable to upgrade the affected component. The vendor was informed early about a total of four security issues and confirmed that those have been fixed. However, the release notes on GitHub do not mention them.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-62778Same product: Frappe Learning
CVE-2025-67734Same product: Frappe Learning
CVE-2026-39415Same product: Frappe Learning
CVE-2026-46546Same product: Frappe Learning
CVE-2025-55006Same product: Frappe Learning
CVE-2025-67730Same product: Frappe Learning
CVE-2026-26031Same product: Frappe Learning
CVE-2023-42807Same product: Frappe Learning
CVE-2026-26977Same product: Frappe Learning
CVE-2026-23497Same product: Frappe Learning

Affected Assets

frappe
learning
2.35.0

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)
  • AC-3 Access Enforcement
  • AC-6 Least Privilege
  • AC-4 Information Flow Enforcement
Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Directly enforces authorization checks on the /files/ Assignment Picture Handler endpoint, blocking unauthorized direct requests (CWE-425).

prevent

Restricts file and handler access to only the minimum privileges required, reducing the attack surface for forced browsing of assignment pictures.

prevent

Controls information flows to the /files/ component so that requests cannot bypass intended authorization paths to reach protected resources.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.AA-05 full match
prevents

Directly requires policy-driven definition, enforcement, and review of authorizations on resources such as URLs.

PR.IR-01 mostly match
prevents

Protects environments from unauthorized logical access, which includes preventing direct requests to restricted paths.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

detects

Security testing can detect forced-browsing flaws, but the control itself does not prevent them in production.

prevents

Information access restriction implements the technical enforcement that directly blocks unauthorized direct requests.

prevents

Access control policy directly requires authorization checks on all resources, preventing forced browsing.

degrades

Managing access rights ensures every URL/script/file is explicitly authorized, mitigating direct request attacks.

degrades

Privileged access rights control enforces least-privilege checks on restricted endpoints.

prevents

Secure SDLC can include authorization design, yet the control itself does not guarantee runtime enforcement.

References