Cyber Resilience

CVE-2026-41109

High

Published: 12 May 2026

Published
12 May 2026
Modified
15 May 2026
KEV Added
—
Patch
—
CVSS Score v3.1 8.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0086 54.0th percentile
Risk Priority 55 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2026-41109 is a high-severity Injection (CWE-74) vulnerability in Microsoft Visual Studio Code. Its CVSS base score is 8.8 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 46.0% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

This vulnerability is AI-related — categorised as Enterprise AI Assistants; in the LLM/Generative AI Risks risk domain.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

A05:2025 Injection

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

Improper neutralization of special elements in output used by a downstream component ('injection') in GitHub Copilot and Visual Studio allows an unauthorized attacker to bypass a security feature over a network.

CWE(s)
CWE-74

AI Security AnalysisAI

AI Category
Enterprise AI Assistants
Risk Domain
LLM/Generative AI Risks
OWASP Top 10 for LLMs 2025
None mapped
Classification Reason
Matched keywords: github copilot

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
attack.mitre.org →
T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter Execution
Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.
attack.mitre.org →
Why these techniques?

Injection flaw (CWE-74) in network-exposed Copilot/VS component directly enables remote exploitation of public-facing app and arbitrary command/script execution.

Confidence: MEDIUM · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-21518Same product: Microsoft Visual Studio Code
CVE-2026-21523Same product: Microsoft Visual Studio Code
CVE-2026-41613Same product: Microsoft Visual Studio Code
CVE-2025-24042Same product: Microsoft Visual Studio Code
CVE-2026-26164Same vendor: Microsoft
CVE-2026-41611Same product: Microsoft Visual Studio Code
CVE-2025-24039Same product: Microsoft Visual Studio Code
CVE-2025-26631Same product: Microsoft Visual Studio Code
CVE-2025-59252Same vendor: Microsoft
CVE-2025-59272Same vendor: Microsoft

Affected Assets

microsoft
visual studio code
≤ 1.119.1

Mitigating Controls

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

SA-11 Developer Testing and Evaluation
addresses: CWE-74

Developer assessments and testing (including injection-focused techniques) identify improper neutralization of special elements, and the verifiable flaw remediation corrects them pre-deployment.

SI-4 System Monitoring
addresses: CWE-74

Identifies indicators of injection attacks (command, SQL, LDAP, etc.) via anomaly and attack monitoring.

References