Cyber Resilience

CVE-2026-44823

Memory Safety in Microsoft Office 2021

Published
09 June 2026
Modified
09 July 2026
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 7.8
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0037 30th percentile
Risk Priority 57 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2026-44823 is a high-severity Numeric Truncation Error (CWE-197) vulnerability in Microsoft Office 2021. Its CVSS base score is 7.8 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Client Execution (T1203); ranked at the 30th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SA-15 (Development Process, Standards, and Tools) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Numeric truncation error in Microsoft Office Excel allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution Execution
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.
T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1210 Exploitation of Remote Services Lateral Movement
Adversaries may exploit remote services to gain unauthorized access to internal systems once inside of a network.
T1212 Exploitation for Credential Access Credential Access
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to collect credentials.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-55948Same product: Microsoft 365 Apps
CVE-2026-47642Same product: Microsoft 365 Apps
CVE-2026-68804Same product: Microsoft 365 Apps
CVE-2026-50467Same product: Microsoft 365 Apps
CVE-2026-50314Same product: Microsoft 365 Apps
CVE-2026-45486Same product: Microsoft 365 Apps
CVE-2026-55142Same product: Microsoft 365 Apps
CVE-2026-45458Same product: Microsoft 365 Apps
CVE-2026-47290Same product: Microsoft 365 Apps
CVE-2026-47293Same product: Microsoft 365 Apps

Affected Assets

microsoft
365 apps
all versions
microsoft
excel
2016
microsoft
microsoft 365
all versions
microsoft
office 2019
all versions
microsoft
office 2021
all versions
microsoft
office 2024
all versions
microsoft
office online server
all versions

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)
  • 3 hardening rules · 3 OS baselines
Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.4.3

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Developer testing and evaluation can discover truncation errors through static analysis, dynamic testing, or code review.

Documented development standards and tools can mandate use of safe arithmetic libraries or explicit checks against truncation.

Engineering principles can require safe type conversions and avoidance of narrowing casts that cause truncation.

Process isolation confines the blast radius of use-after-free memory corruption to a single execution domain.

Memory protection controls limit exploitation impact by blocking unauthorized code execution from dangling pointers.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly prevent truncation errors via reviews, static analysis, and safe type handling.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Vulnerability identification processes can discover use-after-free issues via scanning or analysis but do not prevent their introduction.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Routine patching removes known use-after-free instances after they have been introduced in released software.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing can detect truncation bugs through static analysis and fuzzing.

prevents

Secure development lifecycle mandates practices that can catch numeric truncation during design and code review.

degrades

Application security requirements can specify safe numeric handling and data-type constraints.

degrades

Secure architecture principles include choosing appropriate data types and avoiding unsafe casts.

prevents

Secure coding standards directly prohibit unsafe narrowing conversions and truncation.

prevents

Change-management processes help ensure memory-safety fixes are deployed consistently.

Hardening callouts derived

Configuration rules from DISA STIG baselines that bear on weaknesses of the type cited by this CVE. Each rule is shown with the relationship its mapping actually records, against the CWE it was authored against. Derived via CVE→CWE over `controls_xwalks` (authoritative rows only; rows rated `none` are excluded).

Oracle Linux 8 (1 rule)
  • V-248592 OL 8 must clear memory when it is freed to prevent use-after-free attacks. prevents CWE-416
RHEL 8 (1 rule)
  • V-230279 RHEL 8 must clear memory when it is freed to prevent use-after-free attacks. prevents CWE-416
RHEL 9 (1 rule)
  • V-257794 RHEL 9 must clear memory when it is freed to prevent use-after-free attacks. prevents CWE-416

References