Cyber Resilience

CVE-2026-54128

Memory Safety in Microsoft Windows 10 1607 ≤ 10.0.14393.9339

Published
14 July 2026
Modified
22 July 2026
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 8.4
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0030 22th percentile
Risk Priority 55 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2026-54128 is a high-severity Use After Free (CWE-416) vulnerability in Microsoft Windows 10 1607. Its CVSS base score is 8.4 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068); ranked at the 22th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SI-16 (Memory Protection) and AC-6 (Least Privilege) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Use after free in Windows DHCP Client allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
Why these techniques?

Use-after-free in Windows DHCP Client directly enables local code execution, mapping to exploitation for privilege escalation.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-50312Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2026-50500Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2026-50359Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2026-50476Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2026-54989Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2026-57093Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2026-50666Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2026-50433Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2026-50688Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2026-50490Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607

Affected Assets

microsoft
windows 10 1607
≤ 10.0.14393.9339 · ≤ 10.0.14393.9339
microsoft
windows 10 1809
≤ 10.0.17763.9020 · ≤ 10.0.17763.9020
microsoft
windows 10 21h2
≤ 10.0.19044.7548
microsoft
windows 10 22h2
≤ 10.0.19045.7548
microsoft
windows 11 24h2
≤ 10.0.26100.8875
microsoft
windows 11 25h2
≤ 10.0.26200.8875
microsoft
windows 11 26h1
≤ 10.0.28000.2269 · ≤ 10.0.28000.2525
microsoft
windows server 2012
all versions
microsoft
windows server 2016
≤ 10.0.14393.9339
microsoft
windows server 2019
≤ 10.0.17763.9020
+2 more product configuration(s) — see NVD for full list

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)
Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)
  • SI-4 System Monitoring
Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)
  • 3 hardening rules · 3 OS baselines
Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.4.3

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Directly employs memory protection techniques to block use-after-free exploitation in the DHCP client process.

prevent

Restricts privileges of the DHCP client and local users so successful UAF code execution cannot escalate to full system compromise.

detect

Monitors process memory behavior and anomalous DHCP client activity that would indicate an in-progress use-after-free attack.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly incorporate memory-safety tooling and reviews that prevent most use-after-free defects.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Vulnerability identification processes can discover use-after-free issues via scanning or analysis but do not prevent their introduction.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Routine patching removes known use-after-free instances after they have been introduced in released software.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

detects

Security testing in development can detect use-after-free bugs before release.

prevents

Secure SDLC mandates memory-safety practices that reduce use-after-free defects.

prevents

Application security requirements can specify memory-management rules that mitigate use-after-free.

prevents

Secure architecture principles include memory-safety design choices that limit use-after-free exposure.

prevents

Secure coding standards directly prescribe avoidance of use-after-free patterns.

prevents

Change-management processes help ensure memory-safety fixes are deployed consistently.

References