Cyber Resilience

CVE-2026-5460

Memory Safety

Published
10 April 2026
Modified
13 April 2026
CVSS Score v4 6.3
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0021 12th percentile
Risk Priority 35 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2026-5460 is a medium-severity Use After Free (CWE-416) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 6.3 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 12th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SI-16 (Memory Protection) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

A heap use-after-free exists in wolfSSL's TLS 1.3 post-quantum cryptography (PQC) hybrid KeyShare processing. In the error handling path of TLSX_KeyShare_ProcessPqcHybridClient() in src/tls.c, the inner function TLSX_KeyShare_ProcessPqcClient_ex() frees a KyberKey object upon encountering an error. The caller then invokes TLSX_KeyShare_FreeAll(),…

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which attempts to call ForceZero() on the already-freed KyberKey, resulting in writes of zero bytes over freed heap memory.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
Why these techniques?

UAF in server-side TLS 1.3 KeyShare processing enables remote exploitation of public-facing wolfSSL servers via crafted client handshake messages.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-62788Shared CWE-416
CVE-2026-42530Shared CWE-416
CVE-2026-22857Shared CWE-416
CVE-2026-41401Shared CWE-416
CVE-2026-26311Shared CWE-416
CVE-2026-50694Shared CWE-416
CVE-2026-49169Shared CWE-416
CVE-2024-25763Shared CWE-416
CVE-2026-7261Shared CWE-416
CVE-2025-47917Shared CWE-416

Affected Assets

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)
Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)
  • SI-2 Flaw Remediation
Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)
  • 3 hardening rules · 3 OS baselines
Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.4.3

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Memory protection mechanisms directly block use-after-free writes on already-freed KyberKey objects in TLSX_KeyShare_ProcessPqcHybridClient.

respond

Rapid application of wolfSSL patches eliminates the double-free path in the PQC hybrid KeyShare error handler.

prevent

Process isolation confines the impact of heap corruption from the freed KyberKey to the affected TLS context.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly incorporate memory-safety tooling and reviews that prevent most use-after-free defects.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Vulnerability identification processes can discover use-after-free issues via scanning or analysis but do not prevent their introduction.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Routine patching removes known use-after-free instances after they have been introduced in released software.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

detects

Security testing in development can detect use-after-free bugs before release.

prevents

Secure SDLC mandates memory-safety practices that reduce use-after-free defects.

prevents

Application security requirements can specify memory-management rules that mitigate use-after-free.

prevents

Secure architecture principles include memory-safety design choices that limit use-after-free exposure.

prevents

Secure coding standards directly prescribe avoidance of use-after-free patterns.

prevents

Change-management processes help ensure memory-safety fixes are deployed consistently.

References