Cyber Resilience

CVE-2015-2051

Command Injection in Dlink Dir-645 Firmware ≤ 1.05b01

CISA KEVActive ExploitationEUVD ExploitedPublic PoCCommand Injection
Published
23 February 2015
Modified
22 April 2026
KEV Added
10 February 2022
Patch / advisory
View advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 8.8
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.97 99.9th percentile
Risk Priority 90 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2015-2051 is a high-severity Command Injection (CWE-77) vulnerability in Dlink Dir-645 Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 8.8 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Command and Scripting Interpreter (T1059); ranked in the top 0.1% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; CISA has added it to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

The vulnerability is a command injection flaw (CWE-77) in the HNAP interface of the D-Link DIR-645 Wired/Wireless Router Rev. Ax running firmware 1.04b12 and earlier. It is triggered specifically by a GetDeviceSettings action and carries a CVSS 3.1 score of 8.8.

Adjacent-network attackers without authentication or user interaction can send a crafted request to the HNAP endpoint and execute arbitrary commands on the device, resulting in full compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

D-Link has published security advisories SAP10051 and SAP10282, along with a support announcement, that address the affected router models and firmware versions. Public exploit code for the issue is also available.

The flaw enables unauthenticated remote command execution on the local network segment.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

A05:2025 Injection

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

The D-Link DIR-645 Wired/Wireless Router Rev. Ax with firmware 1.04b12 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via a GetDeviceSettings action to the HNAP interface.

CWE(s)
CWE-77
KEV Date Added
10 February 2022

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter Execution
Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.
attack.mitre.org →
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
attack.mitre.org →
T1059.001 PowerShell Execution
Adversaries may abuse PowerShell commands and scripts for execution.
attack.mitre.org →
T1059.003 Windows Command Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse the Windows command shell for execution.
attack.mitre.org →
T1059.004 Unix Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution.
attack.mitre.org →
T1059.008 Network Device CLI Execution
Adversaries may abuse scripting or built-in command line interpreters (CLI) on network devices to execute malicious command and payloads.
attack.mitre.org →
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-10689Same product: Dlink Dir-645
CVE-2025-7192Same product: Dlink Dir-645
CVE-2020-25079Same vendor: Dlinkboth on KEV
CVE-2024-3273Same vendor: Dlinkboth on KEV
CVE-2025-29635Same vendor: Dlinkboth on KEV
CVE-2016-20017Same vendor: Dlinkboth on KEV
CVE-2023-36089Same product: Dlink Dir-645
CVE-2024-44381Same vendor: Dlink
CVE-2025-57105Same vendor: Dlink
CVE-2023-43206Same vendor: Dlink

Affected Assets

dlink
dir-645 firmware
≤ 1.05b01

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

—

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

—

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

—

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.2.3
  • V1.2.5
  • V1.2.8
  • V1.2.9

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly require input validation and neutralization that prevent command injection.

DE.CM-09 partial match
prevents

Runtime monitoring of software and data can detect anomalous command execution resulting from injection.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Identifying recorded vulnerabilities enables remediation of command-injection flaws before exploitation.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

A.8.28 Secure coding mostly match
prevents

Secure coding standards require proper escaping and parameterization of commands, directly eliminating CWE-77.

A.8.29 Security testing in development and acceptance mostly match
finds

Security testing in development catches command-injection vulnerabilities before release.

A.8.25 Secure development life cycle partial match
prevents

Secure development life cycle mandates input validation and command construction practices that directly prevent command injection.

A.8.26 Application security requirements partial match
prevents

Application security requirements explicitly call for controls against injection flaws including command injection.

A.8.27 Secure system architecture and engineering principles partial match
prevents

Secure architecture principles reduce the attack surface but do not prescribe the specific neutralization techniques needed.

A.8.31 Separation of development, test and production environments none match
none

Environment separation limits the blast radius of an exploited command injection but does not prevent the flaw itself.

References