Cyber Resilience

CVE-2017-8540

Memory Safety in Microsoft Exchange Server 2013 … 2016

CISA KEVActive ExploitationEUVD ExploitedPublic PoCMemory Safety
Published
26 May 2017
Modified
22 April 2026
KEV Added
03 March 2022
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 7.8
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.72 99.4th percentile
Risk Priority 83 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2017-8540 is a high-severity Out-of-bounds Write (CWE-787) vulnerability in Microsoft Windows Server 2008. Its CVSS base score is 7.8 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068); ranked in the top 0.6% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; CISA has added it to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

The vulnerability is a remote code execution flaw, tracked as CVE-2017-8540, in the Microsoft Malware Protection Engine used by Microsoft Forefront, Microsoft Defender, and related products. It affects Microsoft Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, Windows RT 8.1, multiple Windows 10 releases through 1703, Windows Server 2016, and Microsoft Exchange Server 2013 and 2016. The root cause is improper handling of a specially crafted file during scanning, which produces memory corruption classified under CWE-787.

An attacker can exploit the issue by supplying a malicious file that the engine processes on the target system. Successful exploitation grants arbitrary code execution with the privileges of the scanning process; the CVSS vector indicates local attack vector, low complexity, no authentication required, and user interaction needed, resulting in full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact.

Publicly available references, including the Microsoft Security Response Center advisory and an entry on Exploit-DB, indicate that updates addressing the flaw have been released, and at least one working exploit has been published.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

The Microsoft Malware Protection Engine running on Microsoft Forefront and Microsoft Defender on Microsoft Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, Windows RT 8.1, Windows 10 Gold, 1511, 1607,…

more

and 1703, and Windows Server 2016, Microsoft Exchange Server 2013 and 2016, does not properly scan a specially crafted file leading to memory corruption. aka "Microsoft Malware Protection Engine Remote Code Execution Vulnerability", a different vulnerability than CVE-2017-8538 and CVE-2017-8541.

CWE(s)
KEV Date Added
03 March 2022

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution Execution
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.
T1210 Exploitation of Remote Services Lateral Movement
Adversaries may exploit remote services to gain unauthorized access to internal systems once inside of a network.
T1211 Exploitation for Stealth Stealth
Adversaries may exploit vulnerabilities to evade detection by hiding activity, suppressing logging, or operating within trusted or unmonitored components.
T1212 Exploitation for Credential Access Credential Access
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to collect credentials.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2018-0986Same product: Microsoft Exchange Server
CVE-2017-0222Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507both on KEV
CVE-2017-0149Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507both on KEV
CVE-2018-8373Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507both on KEV
CVE-2018-8174Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607both on KEV
CVE-2018-8653Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507both on KEV
CVE-2021-33742Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507both on KEV
CVE-2019-1367Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607both on KEV
CVE-2021-34448Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507both on KEV
CVE-2022-37969Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507both on KEV

Affected Assets

microsoft
malware protection engine
1.1.13701.0 — 1.1.13704.0
microsoft
endpoint protection
all versions
microsoft
exchange server
2013, 2016
microsoft
forefront endpoint protection
2010, all versions
microsoft
forefront security
all versions
microsoft
intune endpoint protection
all versions
microsoft
security essentials
all versions
microsoft
system center endpoint protection
all versions
microsoft
windows defender
all versions

Mitigating Controls

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-787

Out-of-bounds writes that corrupt control flow or inject shellcode are rendered non-executable by the same memory protections.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure-development practices (static analysis, bounds checking, code review) are the primary means of preventing out-of-bounds writes.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Vulnerability scanning and recording can discover out-of-bounds write flaws so they can be remediated.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Patching or replacing vulnerable software directly eliminates known instances of this coding weakness.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing in development and acceptance can detect and prevent out-of-bounds write defects.

prevents

Secure development life cycle mandates practices that prevent out-of-bounds writes.

prevents

Application security requirements can specify bounds-checking and safe memory handling.

prevents

Secure architecture and engineering principles reduce the likelihood of buffer overflows.

prevents

Secure coding directly addresses out-of-bounds writes through language choice and coding standards.

prevents

Change management can enforce review gates that catch unsafe memory operations before deployment.

References