Cyber Resilience

CVE-2018-0158

Cisco Ios 15.5\(3\)s1.1 … 15.5\(3\)s1.9

CISA KEVActive ExploitationEUVD Exploited
Published
28 March 2018
Modified
14 January 2026
KEV Added
03 March 2022
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 8.6
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H
EPSS Score 0.072 94th percentile
Risk Priority 88 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2018-0158 is a high-severity Improper Input Validation (CWE-20) vulnerability in Cisco Ios. Its CVSS base score is 8.6 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 6% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; CISA has added it to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

The vulnerability CVE-2018-0158 resides in the Internet Key Exchange Version 2 (IKEv2) module of Cisco IOS Software and Cisco IOS XE Software. It is caused by incorrect processing of certain IKEv2 packets and is tracked under Cisco Bug ID CSCvf22394 along with CWEs 20 and 401. Successful triggering of the flaw produces a memory leak that can culminate in a device reload.

An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit the issue simply by sending crafted IKEv2 packets to an affected device. The resulting continuous memory consumption leads to a denial-of-service condition, consistent with the CVSS 8.6 vector that emphasizes network attack feasibility and high availability impact without any authentication or user interaction.

Cisco Security Advisory cisco-sa-20180328-ike together with the referenced ICS-CERT and security-tracker publications address mitigation steps and software updates for the affected platforms.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

A vulnerability in the Internet Key Exchange Version 2 (IKEv2) module of Cisco IOS Software and Cisco IOS XE Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause a memory leak or a reload of an affected device that leads…

more

to a denial of service (DoS) condition. The vulnerability is due to incorrect processing of certain IKEv2 packets. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted IKEv2 packets to an affected device to be processed. A successful exploit could cause an affected device to continuously consume memory and eventually reload, resulting in a DoS condition. Cisco Bug IDs: CSCvf22394.

CWE(s)
KEV Date Added
03 March 2022

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1499 Endpoint Denial of Service Impact
Adversaries may perform Endpoint Denial of Service (DoS) attacks to degrade or block the availability of services to users.
T1499.003 Application Exhaustion Flood Impact
Adversaries may target resource intensive features of applications to cause a denial of service (DoS), denying availability to those applications.
T1036.001 Invalid Code Signature Stealth
Adversaries may attempt to mimic features of valid code signatures to increase the chance of deceiving a user, analyst, or tool.
T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution Execution
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2018-0173Same product: Cisco Asr 1001-Hxboth on KEV
CVE-2018-0174Same product: Cisco Iosboth on KEV
CVE-2018-0172Same product: Cisco Iosboth on KEV
CVE-2018-0159Same product: Cisco Iosboth on KEV
CVE-2017-12319Same product: Cisco Asr 1001-Hxboth on KEV
CVE-2017-12235Same product: Cisco Iosboth on KEV
CVE-2017-12234Same product: Cisco Iosboth on KEV
CVE-2017-12233Same product: Cisco Iosboth on KEV
CVE-2017-3881Same product: Cisco Iosboth on KEV
CVE-2025-20393Same vendor: Ciscoboth on KEV

Affected Assets

cisco
ios
15.5\(3\)s1.1, 15.5\(3\)s1.10, 15.5\(3\)s1.11, 15.5\(3\)s1.12, 15.5\(3\)s1.2
cisco
ios xe
15.5\(3\)s1.1, 15.5\(3\)s1.10, 15.5\(3\)s1.11, 15.5\(3\)s1.12, 15.5\(3\)s1.2

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)
  • 6 hardening rules · 3 OS baselines
Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-20

Security testing and developer training directly verify and enforce proper input validation, reducing exploitability of injection and malformed-data weaknesses.

addresses: CWE-20

Security testing and evaluation at multiple SDLC stages directly detects missing or flawed input validation, with the required remediation process ensuring fixes are applied.

addresses: CWE-20

Directly implements checks on information inputs to reject invalid data before processing.

addresses: CWE-20

Spam protection mechanisms perform filtering and detection on inbound/outbound messages, directly compensating for missing or weak input validation of unsolicited content.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly require and enforce input validation during development.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Testing against a defined set of requirements and using code review plus vulnerability scanning forces validation of inputs and handling of unanticipated conditions, reducing the chance that malformed data will be accepted.

prevents

Secure-coding guidelines and mandatory security testing (including code scans) compel developers to validate and sanitize inputs at design and implementation time, lowering the incidence of malformed or malicious data reaching downstream components.

prevents

Mandating input controls that include integrity checks and input validation ensures that untrusted data is examined before use, blocking the root cause of many injection and malformed-data weaknesses.

prevents

Security-by-design principles explicitly call for data validation and sanitization at every layer, reducing the chance that malformed or malicious input will be processed without scrutiny.

prevents

Requiring language-specific secure coding standards, peer review, SAST and documented mitigation of common programming errors forces validation of all inputs before they are trusted.

finds

Capacity management may detect memory exhaustion symptoms but does not prevent the coding flaw.

Hardening callouts derived

Configuration rules from DISA STIG baselines that bear on weaknesses of the type cited by this CVE. Each rule is shown with the relationship its mapping actually records, against the CWE it was authored against. Derived via CVE→CWE over `controls_xwalks` (authoritative rows only; rows rated `none` are excluded).

RHEL 8 (1 rule)
  • V-230265 RHEL 8 must prevent the installation of software, patches, service packs, device drivers, or operating system components of local packages without verification they have been digitally signed using a certificate that is issued by a Certificate Authority (CA) that is recognized and approved by the organization. prevents CWE-20

References