Cyber Resilience

CVE-2020-10148

Auth Bypass in Solarwinds Orion Platform 2019.4 … 2020.2.1

CISA KEVActive ExploitationEUVD ExploitedAuth BypassAccess Control
Published
29 December 2020
Modified
24 October 2025
KEV Added
03 November 2021
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 9.8
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.92 99.8th percentile
Risk Priority 97 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2020-10148 is a critical-severity Authentication Bypass Using an Alternate Path or Channel (CWE-288) vulnerability in Solarwinds Orion Platform. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 0.2% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; CISA has added it to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

The vulnerability is an authentication bypass in the SolarWinds Orion API, tracked as CVE-2020-10148 with CVSS score 9.8. It affects the SolarWinds Orion Platform in versions 2019.4 HF 5, 2020.2 without hotfix, and 2020.2 HF 1, and is associated with CWE-288 and CWE-306. The flaw permits remote attackers to issue API commands without valid credentials, which can lead to full compromise of the SolarWinds instance.

An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit the weakness over the network to bypass authentication controls and directly execute arbitrary API operations. Successful exploitation grants the attacker the ability to read, modify, or delete data and configuration settings within the Orion environment, potentially resulting in complete control of the monitoring platform and any connected systems.

SolarWinds has published a security advisory detailing the issue, and the CERT Coordination Center has released vulnerability note VU#843464 that references the same advisory and affected versions. These sources direct administrators to apply vendor-supplied hotfixes or upgrade to a patched release to eliminate the authentication bypass.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

The SolarWinds Orion API is vulnerable to an authentication bypass that could allow a remote attacker to execute API commands. This vulnerability could allow a remote attacker to bypass authentication and execute API commands which may result in a compromise…

more

of the SolarWinds instance. SolarWinds Orion Platform versions 2019.4 HF 5, 2020.2 with no hotfix installed, and 2020.2 HF 1 are affected.

CWE(s)
KEV Date Added
03 November 2021

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1133 External Remote Services Persistence
Adversaries may leverage external-facing remote services to initially access and/or persist within a network.
T1211 Exploitation for Stealth Stealth
Adversaries may exploit vulnerabilities to evade detection by hiding activity, suppressing logging, or operating within trusted or unmonitored components.
T1542.002 Component Firmware Stealth
Adversaries may modify component firmware to persist on systems.
T1556 Modify Authentication Process Defense Impairment
Adversaries may modify authentication mechanisms and processes to access user credentials or enable otherwise unwarranted access to accounts.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2022-36961Same product: Solarwinds Orion Platform
CVE-2022-36958Same product: Solarwinds Orion Platform
CVE-2021-35218Same product: Solarwinds Orion Platform
CVE-2023-23836Same product: Solarwinds Orion Platform
CVE-2021-35215Same product: Solarwinds Orion Platform
CVE-2023-23840Same product: Solarwinds Orion Platform
CVE-2023-23845Same product: Solarwinds Orion Platform
CVE-2021-35211Same product class: network monitoring / SIEMboth on KEV
CVE-2024-28995Same product class: network monitoring / SIEMboth on KEV
CVE-2024-28986Same product class: network monitoring / SIEMboth on KEV

Affected Assets

solarwinds
orion platform
2019.4, 2020.2, 2020.2.1

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)
  • 13 hardening rules · 4 OS baselines
Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V6.4.3
  • V6.6.1
  • V12.1.3
  • V6.2.3

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-306 CWE-288

Mandates additional authentication for access under defined conditions, ensuring critical or high-risk functions are not left without authentication.

addresses: CWE-306 CWE-288

Identity providers mandate authentication for functions that would otherwise lack it.

addresses: CWE-306 CWE-288

Requires authentication for non-organizational users, preventing access to critical functions without proper identification and authentication.

addresses: CWE-306

Requires established identification and authentication to unlock, mitigating missing authentication for continued system access.

addresses: CWE-306

Requiring identification and rationale for actions allowed without authentication ensures critical functions are not left unprotected by forcing review of authentication requirements.

addresses: CWE-288

Authorizing remote access reduces the ability to bypass authentication via unauthorized alternate remote channels.

addresses: CWE-306

Authorizing mobile device connections to organizational systems ensures authentication is performed for this critical access function.

addresses: CWE-306

Guarantees critical functions are protected by mandatory invocation of the access control mechanism.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.AA-03 full match
prevents

Requiring authentication on every channel and path directly eliminates alternate-path bypasses.

PR.AA-05 mostly match
prevents

Enforcing authorizations and least privilege across all access vectors prevents unauthenticated alternate paths.

PR.IR-01 mostly match
prevents

Protecting networks and environments from unauthorized logical access blocks bypass via undocumented channels.

PR.AA-01 partial match
prevents

Managing identities and credentials is a prerequisite for authentication but does not itself enforce it on critical functions.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

prevents

The control explicitly calls for authentication before any critical function is reached, eliminating the possibility of bypassing authentication for high-value operations.

finds

Security testing can detect alternate-path bypasses but does not prevent them in production.

prevents

Access control policy directly addresses alternate authentication paths by requiring all channels to enforce authentication.

degrades

Authentication information management ensures credentials and mechanisms are consistently applied across all access paths.

prevents

Access rights provisioning and review prevent bypass via unmonitored or alternate channels.

prevents

Mandating authentication requirements for critical functions at the requirements-gathering stage ensures that essential operations are not left unprotected by missing login or verification mechanisms.

Hardening callouts derived

Configuration rules from DISA STIG baselines that bear on weaknesses of the type cited by this CVE. Each rule is shown with the relationship its mapping actually records, against the CWE it was authored against. Derived via CVE→CWE over `controls_xwalks` (authoritative rows only; rows rated `none` are excluded).

Oracle Linux 8 (3 rules)
  • V-248598 There must be no ".shosts" files on the OL 8 operating system. prevents CWE-288
  • V-248827 OL 8 must not have the rsh-server package installed. prevents CWE-288, CWE-306
  • V-248585 OL 8 must require reauthentication when using the "sudo" command. prevents CWE-306
Oracle Linux 9 (2 rules)
  • V-271757 OL 9 file systems must not contain shosts.equiv files. prevents CWE-288
  • V-271758 OL 9 file systems must not contain .shosts files. prevents CWE-288
RHEL 7 (4 rules)
  • V-204440 Red Hat Enterprise Linux operating systems version 7.2 or newer using Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) must require authentication upon booting into single-user and maintenance modes. prevents CWE-288
  • V-204442 The Red Hat Enterprise Linux operating system must not have the rsh-server package installed. prevents CWE-288, CWE-306
  • V-204424 The Red Hat Enterprise Linux operating system must not allow accounts configured with blank or null passwords. prevents CWE-288
RHEL 8 (2 rules)
  • V-230492 RHEL 8 must not have the rsh-server package installed. prevents CWE-306
  • V-237643 RHEL 8 must require re-authentication when using the "sudo" command. prevents CWE-306

References