Cyber Resilience

CVE-2020-37023

HighPublic PoC

Published: 30 January 2026

Published
30 January 2026
Modified
15 April 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v4 8.7 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0060 44.1th percentile
Risk Priority 55 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2020-37023 is a high-severity Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type (CWE-434) vulnerability in Koken CMS (inferred from references). Its CVSS base score is 8.7 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 44.1th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Deeper analysis

Koken CMS version 0.22.24 is affected by CVE-2020-37023, a file upload vulnerability that enables authenticated attackers to bypass file extension restrictions. By renaming malicious PHP files, attackers can upload payloads with system command execution capabilities through manipulated file upload requests, such as those proxied via a web proxy to alter the extension. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-434 (Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type) and carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H), indicating high severity due to its potential for significant impact.

Authenticated users with low privileges (PR:L) can exploit this vulnerability remotely over the network (AV:N) with low complexity and no user interaction required. Successful exploitation allows attackers to achieve remote code execution by uploading and executing arbitrary PHP files, leading to high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impacts, such as full server compromise.

Advisories and references, including those from Vulncheck, Exploit-DB (exploit 48706), and a GitHub repository detailing the bypass, provide technical details on the issue but do not specify official patches in the available information. Security practitioners should consult the Koken CMS site and related resources for any updates or mitigation guidance.

Public proof-of-concept exploits are available on Exploit-DB and GitHub, indicating potential for real-world abuse, though no widespread exploitation has been reported in the provided data.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

Koken CMS 0.22.24 contains a file upload vulnerability that allows authenticated attackers to bypass file extension restrictions by renaming malicious PHP files. Attackers can upload PHP files with system command execution capabilities by manipulating the file upload request through a…

more

web proxy and changing the file extension.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1505.003 Web Shell Persistence
Adversaries may backdoor web servers with web shells to establish persistent access to systems.
Why these techniques?

The vulnerability allows exploitation of a public-facing web application (T1190) via unrestricted file upload to deploy PHP web shells (T1100) for remote command execution.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-22654Shared CWE-434
CVE-2025-11948Shared CWE-434
CVE-2025-67260Shared CWE-434
CVE-2025-28915Shared CWE-434
CVE-2023-53956Shared CWE-434
CVE-2025-6058Shared CWE-434
CVE-2021-47819Shared CWE-434
CVE-2025-7852Shared CWE-434
CVE-2026-4883Shared CWE-434
CVE-2019-25630Shared CWE-434

Affected Assets

Koken
CMS
inferred from references and description; NVD did not file a CPE for this CVE

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Requires timely identification, reporting, and correction of the Koken CMS file upload flaw allowing PHP extension bypasses, directly eliminating the vulnerability.

prevent

Enforces validation of file upload inputs beyond extensions to detect and reject malicious PHP payloads manipulated via proxies.

preventdetect

Deploys malicious code protection mechanisms at web upload entry points to scan and eradicate dangerous PHP files with command execution capabilities.

References