Raw vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:HSummary
CVE-2022-40127 is a high-severity Code Injection (CWE-94) vulnerability in Apache Airflow. Its CVSS base score is 8.8 (High).
Operationally, ranked in the top 0.3% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.
Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary
Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.
A vulnerability in the Example Dags component of Apache Airflow permits command injection through the manually supplied run_id parameter when DAGs are triggered. The flaw, tracked as CWE-94, affects all versions prior to 2.4.0 and carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 8.8.
An authenticated user who already possesses UI access and the ability to trigger DAGs can supply a crafted run_id value to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying system, achieving full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact within the Airflow deployment.
Advisories and the associated pull request 25960 indicate that the issue is resolved by upgrading to Apache Airflow 2.4.0 or later.
The EPSS score has remained consistently high, reaching a peak of 0.9385 with a current value of 0.9331.
OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2022-0017
Vulnerability Data
A vulnerability in Example Dags of Apache Airflow allows an attacker with UI access who can trigger DAGs, to execute arbitrary commands via manually provided run_id parameter. This issue affects Apache Airflow Apache Airflow versions prior to 2.4.0.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
Likely ATT&CK TechniquesAI
Techniques this vulnerability likely enables, inferred from its description, weakness type, and attributed-actor tradecraft. Confidence is per-technique.
CVEs Like This One
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Control response
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI
Directly requires validation and sanitization of the run_id input parameter to block the CWE-94 command injection.
Mandates prompt application of the vendor fix (upgrade to Airflow 2.4.0+) that eliminates the vulnerable Example Dags code path.
Limits which authenticated users are granted the DAG-trigger permission required to reach the vulnerable run_id parameter.
Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
PR.PS-06's SDLC practices directly target injection flaws via secure coding and testing (mostly), yet as a single broad outcome it leaves many code-generation specifics unaddressed (partial).
PR.DS-10 protects runtime data confidentiality/integrity but has no bearing on neutralizing externally influenced input during code generation, so neither direction shows any preventive effect.
Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
Banning unapproved code samples and unauthenticated web services, combined with secure-coding standards and SAST, prevents the dynamic generation or inclusion of attacker-supplied code.
Controls that restrict unauthorized or malicious code from being introduced via external networks or removable media limit opportunities for an attacker to inject and execute arbitrary code.