Cyber Resilience

CVE-2022-41875

CriticalRCE

Published: 23 November 2022

Published
23 November 2022
Modified
21 November 2024
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v3.1 10.0 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.1511 94.7th percentile
Risk Priority 29 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2022-41875 is a critical-severity Deserialization of Untrusted Data (CWE-502) vulnerability in Airbnb Optica. Its CVSS base score is 10.0 (Critical).

Operationally, ranked in the top 5.3% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

Deeper analysis

CVE-2022-41875 is a remote code execution vulnerability in Optica that arises from unsafe deserialization of JSON data. The affected software is the Optica application, which relies on the Oj Ruby gem and invokes oj.load on untrusted input. The flaw is tracked as CWE-502 and received a CVSS 3.1 score of 10.0 reflecting network attack vector, no required privileges or user interaction, and full impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

Unauthenticated attackers can exploit the issue by submitting specially crafted JSON payloads to a reachable Optica instance. Successful exploitation grants arbitrary code execution on the target system, enabling complete compromise of the running application and underlying host.

The vulnerability was fixed in Optica 0.10.2 by changing the Oj call from oj.load to oj.safe_load. The project security advisory and the Oj gem security documentation both recommend the safe_load method for any untrusted data and provide migration guidance for existing code.

The EPSS score remains at 0.1511 with no material change from its recorded peak.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

A remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability in Optica allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary code via specially crafted JSON payloads. Specially crafted JSON payloads may lead to RCE (remote code execution) on the attacked system running Optica. The vulnerability was…

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patched in v. 0.10.2, where the call to the function `oj.load` was changed to `oj.safe_load`.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

No named actor attribution yet. ATT&CK technique mapping in progress for this CVE.

Affected Assets

airbnb
optica
≤ 0.10.2

Mitigating Controls

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-502

Penetration testing supplies malicious serialized objects, detecting unsafe deserialization and supporting corrective actions.

addresses: CWE-502

Evaluation of untrusted data handling (deserialization testing) reveals unsafe processing, which the required remediation process addresses.

addresses: CWE-502

Untrusted serialized data can be deserialized and observed inside the chamber, blocking gadget-chain exploitation outside the sandbox.

addresses: CWE-502

Validates or rejects untrusted serialized data before deserialization occurs.

addresses: CWE-502

Identifies and blocks malicious code introduced through deserialization of untrusted data at system boundaries.

addresses: CWE-502

Integrity verification of serialized information can detect tampering before deserialization occurs.

addresses: CWE-502

Provenance of associated data allows detection of untrusted sources before deserialization or processing occurs.

References