CVE-2023-21823
Memory Safety in Microsoft Windows 10 1809 ≤ 10.0.17763.4010
Raw vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:HSummary
CVE-2023-21823 is a high-severity Integer Overflow or Wraparound (CWE-190) vulnerability in Microsoft Windows 10 1809. Its CVSS base score is 7.8 (High).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068); ranked in the top 8% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; CISA has added it to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog.
Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary
Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.
Windows Graphics Component contains an integer overflow vulnerability tracked as CVE-2023-21823 that permits remote code execution. The flaw affects multiple versions of Microsoft Windows and carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.8 with the vector string AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H, indicating that successful exploitation yields full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact on the local system.
An attacker with low-privileged local access can trigger the flaw through specially crafted graphics content processed by the affected component, resulting in arbitrary code execution at the privileges of the calling process. No user interaction is required beyond the initial local context, allowing an adversary to elevate privileges or move laterally once code execution is obtained.
Microsoft’s security update guide provides patches addressing the issue, while CISA lists the CVE in its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog, confirming observed in-the-wild exploitation. Administrators are advised to apply the vendor updates promptly and to monitor for follow-on guidance from the referenced Microsoft advisory.
EPSS for the vulnerability rose sharply from a low baseline to a peak of 0.9619 on 22 December 2023 before receding to its current value of 0.0229, indicating that meaningful exploitation interest developed several months after disclosure.
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2023-25989
Vulnerability Data
Windows Graphics Component Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
- CWE(s)
- KEV Date Added
- 14 February 2023
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques
CVEs Like This One
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Control response
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V5.2.6
Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
Secure SDLC practices directly require use of safe arithmetic, bounds checks, and testing that prevent integer overflows.
Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
Security testing in development can detect integer overflows before release.
Secure SDLC mandates input validation and arithmetic checks that prevent integer overflows.
Application security requirements include bounds checking and safe arithmetic to avoid overflow conditions.
Secure architecture principles require defensive coding patterns that mitigate integer wraparound risks.
Secure coding standards explicitly forbid unsafe integer operations and mandate overflow-safe constructs.