Security Resilience

CVE-2023-22918

Zyxel Atp200 Firmware 4.32 – 5.36

Published
24 April 2023
Modified
21 November 2024
Patch / advisory
View advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 6.5
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
EPSS Score 0.0077 55th percentile
Risk Priority 51 floored blend · peak EPSS

CVSS and EPSS are reproduced from their sources (NVD, FIRST EPSS). Risk Priority is our own derived reading, not an NVD score.

Summary

CVE-2023-22918 is a medium-severity Exposure of Private Personal Information to an Unauthorized Actor (CWE-359) vulnerability in Zyxel Atp200 Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 6.5 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Protocol or Service Impersonation (T1001.003); ranked in the top 45% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

A01:2025 Broken Access Control

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

A post-authentication information exposure vulnerability in the CGI program of Zyxel ATP series firmware versions 4.32 through 5.35, USG FLEX series firmware versions 4.50 through 5.35, USG FLEX 50(W) firmware versions 4.16 through 5.35, USG20(W)-VPN firmware versions 4.16 through 5.35,…

more

VPN series firmware versions 4.30 through 5.35, NWA110AX firmware version 6.50(ABTG.2) and earlier versions, WAC500 firmware version 6.50(ABVS.0) and earlier versions, and WAX510D firmware version 6.50(ABTF.2) and earlier versions, which could allow a remote authenticated attacker to retrieve encrypted information of the administrator on an affected device.

CWE(s)
CWE-359NVD-CWE-noinfo

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1001.003 Protocol or Service Impersonation Command And Control
Adversaries may impersonate legitimate protocols or web service traffic to disguise command and control activity and thwart analysis efforts.
attack.mitre.org →
T1005 Data from Local System Collection
Adversaries may search local system sources, such as file systems, configuration files, local databases, virtual machine files, or process memory, to find files of interest and sensitive data prior to Exfiltration.
attack.mitre.org →
T1016 System Network Configuration Discovery Discovery
Adversaries may look for details about the network configuration and settings, such as IP and/or MAC addresses, of systems they access or through information discovery of remote systems.
attack.mitre.org →
T1021.002 SMB/Windows Admin Shares Lateral Movement
Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.
attack.mitre.org →
T1021.003 Distributed Component Object Model Lateral Movement
Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.
attack.mitre.org →
T1021.008 Direct Cloud VM Connections Lateral Movement
Adversaries may leverage [Valid Accounts](https://attack.
attack.mitre.org →
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2023-6398Same product: Zyxel Atp100
CVE-2023-5797Same product: Zyxel Atp100
CVE-2023-37925Same product: Zyxel Atp100
CVE-2023-27991Same product: Zyxel Atp100
CVE-2023-27990Same product: Zyxel Atp100
CVE-2024-7261Same product: Zyxel Nwa110Ax
CVE-2023-22917Same product: Zyxel Atp100
CVE-2023-22916Same product: Zyxel Atp100
CVE-2023-33009Same product: Zyxel Atp100
CVE-2023-33010Same product: Zyxel Atp100

Affected Assets

zyxel
atp200 firmware
4.32 — 5.36
zyxel
atp100 firmware
4.32 — 5.36
zyxel
atp700 firmware
4.32 — 5.36
zyxel
atp500 firmware
4.32 — 5.36
zyxel
atp100w firmware
4.32 — 5.36
zyxel
atp800 firmware
4.32 — 5.36
zyxel
usg flex 100 firmware
4.50 — 5.36
zyxel
usg flex 50 firmware
4.50 — 5.36
zyxel
usg flex 200 firmware
4.50 — 5.36
zyxel
usg flex 500 firmware
4.50 — 5.36
+41 more product configuration(s) — see NVD for full list

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

—

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

—

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)
  • 2 hardening rules · 2 OS baselines
Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V10.3.5
  • V10.7.2

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

AC-15 Automated Marking
addresses: CWE-359

Automated marking identifies private personal information in outputs, tangibly reducing the ability to exploit weaknesses that result in its unauthorized exposure.

AC-16 Security and Privacy Attributes
addresses: CWE-359

Privacy-specific attributes and their controlled association directly reduce exposure of private personal information through missing or incorrect labeling.

AC-22 Publicly Accessible Content
addresses: CWE-359

Preventing nonpublic personal information from public posting reduces unauthorized exposure of private personal data.

AC-23 Data Mining Protection
addresses: CWE-359

The control detects and protects against mining of private personal information, reducing unauthorized exposure of PII.

AT-2 Literacy Training and Awareness
addresses: CWE-359

Privacy literacy training directly targets preventing exposure of personal information through user mishandling.

CM-12 Information Location
addresses: CWE-359

Tracking locations of sensitive data and access users reduces risk of private personal information exposure.

PL-5 Privacy Impact Assessment
addresses: CWE-359

PIA explicitly identifies PII collection/use/disclosure flows and drives mitigations that reduce the likelihood of unauthorized exposure of private personal information.

PL-8 Security and Privacy Architectures
addresses: CWE-359

The control specifically requires architectures that minimize privacy risk when processing PII, directly addressing exposure of personal information.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

RC.CO-04 partial match
degrades

CWE-359 does not impair RC.CO-04's ability to issue approved public recovery updates, yet any resulting PII exposure can partially undermine the outcome's overall efficacy and trust.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

A.5.15 Access control partial match
removes
A.5.16 Identity management partial match
removes
A.5.17 Authentication information partial match
removes
A.5.18 Access rights partial match
removes
A.5.34 Privacy and protection of PII partial match
blocks

A.5.34 only requires a policy, procedures, roles (e.g. privacy officer) and unspecified 'appropriate' measures; it does not itself stop unauthorized access to PII and depends on other controls (e.g. access enforcement) to do so, per the owner's explicit rule on dependency vs. effect.

A.8.10 Information deletion partial match
removes

Hardening callouts derived

Configuration rules from DISA STIG baselines that bear on weaknesses of the type cited by this CVE. Each rule is shown with the relationship its mapping actually records, against the CWE it was authored against. Derived via CVE→CWE over `controls_xwalks` (higher-evidence rows only; rows rated `none` are excluded).

Ubuntu 22.04 (1 rule)
  • V-260531 Ubuntu 22.04 LTS must configure the SSH daemon to use FIPS 140-3-approved ciphers to prevent the unauthorized disclosure of information and/or detect changes to information during transmission. blocks CWE-359
Ubuntu 24.04 (1 rule)
  • V-270670 Ubuntu 24.04 LTS must configure the SSH client to use FIPS 140-3 approved ciphers to prevent the unauthorized disclosure of information and/or detect changes to information during transmission. blocks CWE-359

References