Cyber Resilience

CVE-2023-22960

High

Published: 23 January 2023

Published
23 January 2023
Modified
02 April 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v3.1 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
EPSS Score 0.3552 97.2th percentile
Risk Priority 36 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2023-22960 is a high-severity Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts (CWE-307) vulnerability in Lexmark B2236 Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 7.5 (High).

Operationally, ranked in the top 2.8% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

Deeper analysis

Lexmark products through 2023-01-10 are affected by an improper control of interaction frequency vulnerability, identified as CVE-2023-22960 and linked to CWE-307 and CWE-284. The flaw received a CVSS 3.1 score of 7.5 reflecting network attack vector, low complexity, no required privileges or user interaction, and high confidentiality impact with no effects on integrity or availability.

An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit the weakness to obtain sensitive information by issuing excessive interactions that bypass intended controls.

Lexmark published an advisory describing the issue at https://publications.lexmark.com/publications/security-alerts/CVE-2023-22960.pdf. The associated EPSS score rose materially from a low baseline to a peak of 0.6541 before receding to the current value of 0.3552, indicating post-disclosure exploitation interest.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

Lexmark products through 2023-01-10 have Improper Control of Interaction Frequency.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

No named actor attribution yet. ATT&CK technique mapping in progress for this CVE.

Affected Assets

lexmark
b2236 firmware
≤ mslsg.081.233
lexmark
b2338 firmware
≤ msngm.081.233
lexmark
b2442 firmware
≤ msngm.081.233
lexmark
b2546 firmware
≤ msngm.081.233
lexmark
b2650 firmware
≤ msngm.081.233
lexmark
b2865 firmware
≤ msngw.081.233
lexmark
b3340 firmware
≤ mslbd.081.233
lexmark
b3442 firmware
≤ mslbd.081.233
lexmark
c2240 firmware
≤ cstzj.081.233
lexmark
c2325 firmware
≤ csnzj.081.233
+118 more product configuration(s) — see NVD for full list

Mitigating Controls

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-284

The access control policy and procedures directly mandate and enforce proper access control mechanisms across the organization.

addresses: CWE-284

Device lock enforces restricted access until re-authentication, directly reducing unauthorized use of active sessions.

addresses: CWE-284

Supervision and review of access control activities directly detects and remediates improper access configurations or usages.

addresses: CWE-284

Explicitly identifying and documenting actions permitted without identification or authentication enforces proper access control boundaries by defining justified exceptions.

addresses: CWE-284

By automatically labeling outputs with security attributes, the control supports attribute-based enforcement and reduces exploitability of improper access control weaknesses.

addresses: CWE-284

Associating and retaining security attributes with data directly supports enforcement of access control decisions across storage, processing, and transmission.

addresses: CWE-284

Requiring prior authorization for each remote access type prevents improper access control over remote connections.

addresses: CWE-284

Requiring authorization of wireless access before allowing connections enforces proper access control for this access method.

References