CVE-2023-27078
RCE in Tp-Link Tl-Mr3020 Firmware 1.0
Raw vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:HCVSS and EPSS are reproduced from their sources (NVD, FIRST EPSS). Risk Priority is our own derived reading, not an NVD score.
Summary
CVE-2023-27078 is a critical-severity Command Injection (CWE-77) vulnerability in Tp-Link Tl-Mr3020 Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).
Operationally, ranked in the top 16% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.
Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary
Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.
A command injection vulnerability tracked as CVE-2023-27078 affects the TP-Link MR3020 router running firmware version 1_150921. The flaw resides in the tftp endpoint and stems from insufficient input validation, allowing an attacker to inject and execute operating-system commands through specially crafted network requests. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.8, reflecting network attack vector, low complexity, and no required authentication or user interaction.
An unauthenticated remote attacker can send a malicious request to the tftp endpoint and obtain arbitrary command execution on the device. Successful exploitation grants full control over the router, enabling actions such as altering configuration, intercepting traffic, installing persistent malware, or using the device as a pivot point into attached networks.
Public references consist of a GitHub repository containing technical details and proof-of-concept material; no vendor advisory, firmware patch, or official mitigation guidance is referenced in the available sources. The associated EPSS score remains low, with a current value of 0.0699 and a peak of 0.0704, indicating limited observed exploitation interest since disclosure.
OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2023-30866
Vulnerability Data
A command injection issue was found in TP-Link MR3020 v.1_150921 that allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary commands via a crafted request to the tftp endpoint.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
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Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
A.8.25 mandates secure SDLC practices including secure coding guidelines, security requirements, checkpoints, testing (scans/penetration), and developer training that reduce command injection defects, but leaves a minority slice (e.g. incomplete implementation of those practices, outsourced development without full assurance, or post-SDLC changes) where the weakness can still arise and be exploitable.
Application security requirements explicitly call for controls against injection flaws including command injection.
A.8.27 mandates security-by-design principles (e.g. distrust external input, secure session control, data validation/sanitization, least privilege) and design reviews that can stop command injection from being introduced, but this is only a minority slice of CWE-77 because the weakness can still arise in code that bypasses those principles, in non-reviewed components, or in runtime injection vectors the architecture review does not reach.
Secure coding standards require proper escaping and parameterization of commands, directly eliminating CWE-77.
Security testing in development catches command-injection vulnerabilities before release.
Hardening callouts derived
DISA STIG baselines are authored against specific weaknesses. Where this CVE cites a broad weakness class, the mapping is not asserted at that abstraction (owner ruling, 2026-09-25: grade only at Base and below), so no rule is shown here rather than a rule shown against the wrong grain.
- No fine-grained STIG row for CWE-77, a class-level weakness, and none of its children carries one either.