Cyber Resilience

CVE-2023-31742

RCE in Linksys Wrt54Gl Firmware 4.30.18.006

Public PoCRCECommand Injection
Published
22 May 2023
Modified
09 July 2026
Patch / advisory
View advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 7.2
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.091 95th percentile
Risk Priority 78 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2023-31742 is a high-severity Command Injection (CWE-77) vulnerability in Linksys Wrt54Gl Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 7.2 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Command and Scripting Interpreter (T1059); ranked in the top 5% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2023-31742 is a command injection vulnerability affecting the Linksys WRT54GL router running firmware version 4.30.18.006. The flaw resides in the httpd Start_EPI() function and can be triggered through the post request parameters wl_ant, wl_rate, WL_atten_ctl, ttcp_num, and ttcp_size, allowing an authenticated administrator to execute arbitrary operating-system commands.

An attacker who has already obtained web-management credentials can supply crafted values in these parameters to achieve remote shell access on the device. The vulnerability carries a CVSS 3.1 score of 7.2 and is classified under CWE-77.

Public references consist of the vendor site and a detailed proof-of-concept report hosted on GitHub; neither source describes an official patch or mitigation steps. The associated EPSS score has remained steady at 0.7381 with no material increase after disclosure.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

A05:2025 Injection

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

There is a command injection vulnerability in the Linksys WRT54GL router with firmware version 4.30.18.006. If an attacker gains web management privileges, they can inject commands into the post request parameters wl_ant, wl_rate, WL_atten_ctl, ttcp_num, ttcp_size in the httpd s…

more

Start_EPI() function, thereby gaining shell privileges.

CWE(s)
CWE-77

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter Execution
Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.
attack.mitre.org →
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
attack.mitre.org →
T1059.001 PowerShell Execution
Adversaries may abuse PowerShell commands and scripts for execution.
attack.mitre.org →
T1059.003 Windows Command Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse the Windows command shell for execution.
attack.mitre.org →
T1059.004 Unix Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution.
attack.mitre.org →
T1059.008 Network Device CLI Execution
Adversaries may abuse scripting or built-in command line interpreters (CLI) on network devices to execute malicious command and payloads.
attack.mitre.org →
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2024-57228Same vendor: Linksys
CVE-2025-29226Same vendor: Linksys
CVE-2024-33788Same vendor: Linksys
CVE-2024-33789Same vendor: Linksys
CVE-2024-1404Same product: Linksys Wrt54Gl
CVE-2025-45489Same vendor: Linksys
CVE-2024-57226Same vendor: Linksys
CVE-2025-45490Same vendor: Linksys
CVE-2024-57223Same vendor: Linksys
CVE-2025-45487Same vendor: Linksys

Affected Assets

linksys
wrt54gl firmware
4.30.18.006

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

—

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

—

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

—

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.2.3
  • V1.2.5
  • V1.2.8
  • V1.2.9

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly require input validation and neutralization that prevent command injection.

DE.CM-09 partial match
prevents

Runtime monitoring of software and data can detect anomalous command execution resulting from injection.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Identifying recorded vulnerabilities enables remediation of command-injection flaws before exploitation.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

A.8.28 Secure coding mostly match
prevents

Secure coding standards require proper escaping and parameterization of commands, directly eliminating CWE-77.

A.8.29 Security testing in development and acceptance mostly match
finds

Security testing in development catches command-injection vulnerabilities before release.

A.8.25 Secure development life cycle partial match
prevents

Secure development life cycle mandates input validation and command construction practices that directly prevent command injection.

A.8.26 Application security requirements partial match
prevents

Application security requirements explicitly call for controls against injection flaws including command injection.

A.8.27 Secure system architecture and engineering principles partial match
prevents

Secure architecture principles reduce the attack surface but do not prescribe the specific neutralization techniques needed.

A.8.31 Separation of development, test and production environments none match
none

Environment separation limits the blast radius of an exploited command injection but does not prevent the flaw itself.

References