CVE-2023-44098

A data action map identifies locations where sensitive information may be exposed to unauthorized actors during processing or transfer.

Privacy and security architectures require controls to protect sensitive information from unauthorized exposure across the system lifecycle.

Trained staff understand data-handling requirements and are less likely to expose sensitive information through misconfiguration or poor design.

Policies mandate protection of CUI on external systems, directly reducing unauthorized exposure of sensitive information.

The assessment process surfaces design decisions that could expose sensitive (including PII) data to unauthorized actors, prompting controls that reduce such exposure.

Automated marking applies security attributes to system outputs, making it harder for attackers to exploit unmarked sensitive information leading to unauthorized exposure.

Proper attribute retention and permitted-value enforcement limits unauthorized actors from accessing sensitive information lacking correct labels.

Prevents unauthorized exposure of sensitive information by prohibiting untrusted external systems from processing or storing it.

A.5.10 only requires awareness, a topic-specific acceptable-use policy stating expected behaviours/monitoring, and procedures referencing classification and other controls; per the owner's explicit rule on labelling and similar dependency-style clauses, this does not itself prevent exposure (CWE-200) unless access/DLP/etc. act on it.

Requiring the return of all physical and electronic assets plus secure deletion of organizational data from personal devices reduces the chance that sensitive information remains accessible to departing personnel.

A.5.12 only defines and communicates a classification scheme so that protection needs can be understood; per the owner's explicit rule, labeling/classification does not itself prevent exposure and requires other controls (e.g. access enforcement) to act on it.

By requiring classification labels and metadata on all information assets, the control makes it harder for sensitive data to be inadvertently exposed because downstream systems and users can recognize and enforce handling rules based on those labels.

Requiring encryption, access controls, and recipient authentication for transfers directly reduces the chance that sensitive data reaches an unauthorized observer.

Secure delivery, protected storage, and confidentiality of allocation records limit exposure of authentication material to unauthorized observers.