Raw vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:HCVSS and EPSS are reproduced from their sources (NVD, FIRST EPSS). Risk Priority is our own derived reading, not an NVD score.
Summary
CVE-2023-45852 is a critical-severity Command Injection (CWE-77) vulnerability in Viessmann Vitogate 300 Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).
Operationally, ranked in the top 3% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.
Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary
Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.
CVE-2023-45852 is a command-injection vulnerability in Vitogate 300 version 2.1.3.0. Unauthenticated attackers can reach the /cgi-bin/vitogate.cgi endpoint and supply shell metacharacters inside the ipaddr field of a JSON put request, bypassing all authentication checks and executing arbitrary operating-system commands.
Remote, unauthenticated attackers can therefore obtain a root shell on the affected gateway, allowing them to read or modify configuration data, pivot into connected building-automation networks, or install persistent malware.
Public references consist of the vendor product page and a detailed proof-of-concept published on GitHub; neither source describes an official patch or configuration workaround.
The CVE carries a CVSS score of 9.8 and an EPSS score of 0.9359, indicating a high likelihood of exploitation in the wild.
OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2023-50122
Vulnerability Data
In Vitogate 300 2.1.3.0, /cgi-bin/vitogate.cgi allows an unauthenticated attacker to bypass authentication and execute arbitrary commands via shell metacharacters in the ipaddr params JSON data for the put method.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
CVEs Like This One
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
A.8.25 mandates secure SDLC practices including secure coding guidelines, security requirements, checkpoints, testing (scans/penetration), and developer training that reduce command injection defects, but leaves a minority slice (e.g. incomplete implementation of those practices, outsourced development without full assurance, or post-SDLC changes) where the weakness can still arise and be exploitable.
Application security requirements explicitly call for controls against injection flaws including command injection.
A.8.27 mandates security-by-design principles (e.g. distrust external input, secure session control, data validation/sanitization, least privilege) and design reviews that can stop command injection from being introduced, but this is only a minority slice of CWE-77 because the weakness can still arise in code that bypasses those principles, in non-reviewed components, or in runtime injection vectors the architecture review does not reach.
Secure coding standards require proper escaping and parameterization of commands, directly eliminating CWE-77.
Security testing in development catches command-injection vulnerabilities before release.
Hardening callouts derived
DISA STIG baselines are authored against specific weaknesses. Where this CVE cites a broad weakness class, the mapping is not asserted at that abstraction (owner ruling, 2026-09-25: grade only at Base and below), so no rule is shown here rather than a rule shown against the wrong grain.
- No fine-grained STIG row for CWE-77, a class-level weakness, and none of its children carries one either.