Cyber Resilience

CVE-2023-46976

RCE in Totolink A3300R Firmware 17.0.0cu.557_b20221024

Public PoCRCECommand Injection
Published
31 October 2023
Modified
21 November 2024
CVSS Score v3.1 9.8
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.015 72th percentile
Risk Priority 92 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2023-46976 is a critical-severity Command Injection (CWE-77) vulnerability in Totolink A3300R Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Command and Scripting Interpreter (T1059); ranked in the top 28% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

TOTOLINK A3300R firmware version 17.0.0cu.557_B20221024 is affected by a command injection vulnerability tracked as CVE-2023-46976. The flaw resides in the UploadFirmwareFile function, where the file_name parameter is processed without adequate sanitization, corresponding to CWE-77. The issue carries a CVSS 3.1 score of 9.8, reflecting network-accessible attack vectors that require no authentication or user interaction.

An unauthenticated remote attacker can supply a crafted file_name value to the affected endpoint and execute arbitrary operating-system commands on the device. Successful exploitation grants full control over the router, enabling confidentiality, integrity, and availability impacts that include configuration changes, traffic interception, or persistent compromise of the network.

The associated EPSS score started low after the October 2023 disclosure, rose sharply to a peak of 0.5106 on 2025-01-22, and has since receded to 0.0299, indicating a period of heightened exploitation interest that later subsided. Public technical reports detailing the vulnerability are available but do not describe vendor patches or official mitigation steps.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

A05:2025 Injection

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

TOTOLINK A3300R 17.0.0cu.557_B20221024 contains a command injection via the file_name parameter in the UploadFirmwareFile function.

CWE(s)
CWE-77

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter Execution
Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.
attack.mitre.org →
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
attack.mitre.org →
T1059.001 PowerShell Execution
Adversaries may abuse PowerShell commands and scripts for execution.
attack.mitre.org →
T1059.003 Windows Command Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse the Windows command shell for execution.
attack.mitre.org →
T1059.004 Unix Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution.
attack.mitre.org →
T1059.008 Network Device CLI Execution
Adversaries may abuse scripting or built-in command line interpreters (CLI) on network devices to execute malicious command and payloads.
attack.mitre.org →
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-31172Same product: Totolink A3300R
CVE-2025-55901Same product: Totolink A3300R
CVE-2026-31167Same product: Totolink A3300R
CVE-2026-31165Same product: Totolink A3300R
CVE-2026-31166Same product: Totolink A3300R
CVE-2026-31169Same product: Totolink A3300R
CVE-2025-52046Same product: Totolink A3300R
CVE-2023-46993Same product: Totolink A3300R
CVE-2026-31175Same product: Totolink A3300R
CVE-2026-31163Same product: Totolink A3300R

Affected Assets

totolink
a3300r firmware
17.0.0cu.557_b20221024

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

—

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

—

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

—

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.2.3
  • V1.2.5
  • V1.2.8
  • V1.2.9

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly require input validation and neutralization that prevent command injection.

DE.CM-09 partial match
prevents

Runtime monitoring of software and data can detect anomalous command execution resulting from injection.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Identifying recorded vulnerabilities enables remediation of command-injection flaws before exploitation.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

A.8.28 Secure coding mostly match
prevents

Secure coding standards require proper escaping and parameterization of commands, directly eliminating CWE-77.

A.8.29 Security testing in development and acceptance mostly match
finds

Security testing in development catches command-injection vulnerabilities before release.

A.8.25 Secure development life cycle partial match
prevents

Secure development life cycle mandates input validation and command construction practices that directly prevent command injection.

A.8.26 Application security requirements partial match
prevents

Application security requirements explicitly call for controls against injection flaws including command injection.

A.8.27 Secure system architecture and engineering principles partial match
prevents

Secure architecture principles reduce the attack surface but do not prescribe the specific neutralization techniques needed.

A.8.31 Separation of development, test and production environments none match
none

Environment separation limits the blast radius of an exploited command injection but does not prevent the flaw itself.

References