Cyber Resilience

CVE-2024-11477

Memory Safety in 7-Zip ≤ 24.07

Memory Safety
Published
22 November 2024
Modified
15 February 2025
CVSS Score v3.1 7.8
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.22 97th percentile
Risk Priority 76 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2024-11477 is a high-severity Wrap or Wraparound (CWE-191) vulnerability in 7-Zip 7-Zip. Its CVSS base score is 7.8 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068); ranked in the top 3% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SA-8 (Security and Privacy Engineering Principles) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

This vulnerability is an integer underflow in the Zstandard decompression implementation within 7-Zip that can lead to remote code execution. The flaw stems from insufficient validation of user-supplied data, allowing an underflow condition prior to a memory write operation. It affects installations of 7-Zip and was originally reported as ZDI-CAN-24346.

Remote attackers can exploit the issue by supplying a malicious archive or data stream that triggers Zstandard decompression through the affected library. Successful exploitation grants arbitrary code execution in the context of the current process, with a CVSS 3.1 score of 7.8 reflecting local access requirements combined with no privileges and user interaction.

Public advisories from the Zero Day Initiative and NetApp reference the vulnerability and direct users to vendor updates for affected 7-Zip versions. The associated EPSS score has remained flat at its peak value of 0.4423 with no material increase observed after disclosure.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

7-Zip Zstandard Decompression Integer Underflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of 7-Zip. Interaction with this library is required to exploit this vulnerability but attack vectors may vary depending on…

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the implementation. The specific flaw exists within the implementation of Zstandard decompression. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in an integer underflow before writing to memory. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-24346.

CWE(s)
CWE-191

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
attack.mitre.org →
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
attack.mitre.org →
T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution Execution
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.
attack.mitre.org →
T1210 Exploitation of Remote Services Lateral Movement
Adversaries may exploit remote services to gain unauthorized access to internal systems once inside of a network.
attack.mitre.org →
T1212 Exploitation for Credential Access Credential Access
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to collect credentials.
attack.mitre.org →
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-53816Same product: 7-Zip 7-Zip
CVE-2026-48092Same product: 7-Zip 7-Zip
CVE-2026-48111Same product: 7-Zip 7-Zip
CVE-2026-48112Same product: 7-Zip 7-Zip
CVE-2026-48102Same product: 7-Zip 7-Zip
CVE-2026-48103Same product: 7-Zip 7-Zip
CVE-2023-40481Same product: 7-Zip 7-Zip
CVE-2026-48095Same product: 7-Zip 7-Zip
CVE-2026-48104Same product: 7-Zip 7-Zip
CVE-2025-11002Same product: 7-Zip 7-Zip

Affected Assets

7-zip
7-zip
≤ 24.07

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

SA-11 Developer Testing and Evaluation good match

Developer testing and static/dynamic analysis directly find integer underflow defects before code is released.

SA-8 Security and Privacy Engineering Principles partial match

Security engineering principles require use of safe arithmetic constructs or language features that structurally eliminate integer underflow during subtraction.

SI-10 Information Input Validation partial match

Input validation can reject or sanitize values that would cause a subtraction to underflow the representable range.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 full match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly prevent integer underflow defects via input validation, bounds checking, and static analysis.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Vulnerability scanning and code analysis can surface underflow flaws after they are introduced.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Routine patching can remediate known underflow bugs once they are discovered in deployed software.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

A.8.29 Security testing in development and acceptance mostly match
finds

Security testing in development catches integer underflow defects before release.

A.8.25 Secure development life cycle partial match
prevents

Secure development lifecycle mandates input validation and arithmetic checks that prevent integer underflow.

A.8.26 Application security requirements partial match
prevents

Application security requirements include bounds checking and safe arithmetic to avoid underflow conditions.

A.8.27 Secure system architecture and engineering principles partial match
prevents

Secure architecture principles require defensive coding patterns that mitigate integer wraparound risks.

A.8.28 Secure coding partial match
prevents

Secure coding standards directly prescribe safe integer handling and overflow/underflow prevention.

References