Cyber Resilience

CVE-2024-2206

MediumPublic PoC

Published: 27 March 2024

Published
27 March 2024
Modified
29 July 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v3.1 6.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
EPSS Score 0.0013 32.2th percentile
Risk Priority 13 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2024-2206 is a medium-severity SSRF (CWE-918) vulnerability in Gradio Project Gradio. Its CVSS base score is 6.5 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 32.2th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

This vulnerability is AI-related — categorised as APIs and Models; in the Supply Chain and Deployment risk domain; MITRE ATLAS techniques in scope: Obtain Capabilities (AML.T0016), AI Model Inference API Access (AML.T0040), Exfiltration via AI Inference API (AML.T0024).

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

An SSRF vulnerability exists in the gradio-app/gradio due to insufficient validation of user-supplied URLs in the `/proxy` route. Attackers can exploit this vulnerability by manipulating the `self.replica_urls` set through the `X-Direct-Url` header in requests to the `/` and `/config` routes,…

more

allowing the addition of arbitrary URLs for proxying. This flaw enables unauthorized proxying of requests and potential access to internal endpoints within the Hugging Face space. The issue arises from the application's inadequate checking of safe URLs in the `build_proxy_request` function.

CWE(s)

AI Security AnalysisAI

AI Category
APIs and Models
Risk Domain
Supply Chain and Deployment
OWASP Top 10 for LLMs 2025
None mapped
Classification Reason
Gradio is a Python library for creating web-based user interfaces for machine learning models, widely used in AI/ML deployments like Hugging Face Spaces, making it an AI-related platform.

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1090.001 Internal Proxy Command And Control
Adversaries may use an internal proxy to direct command and control traffic between two or more systems in a compromised environment.
T1046 Network Service Discovery Discovery
Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of services running on remote hosts and local network infrastructure devices, including those that may be vulnerable to remote software exploitation.
T1552.005 Cloud Instance Metadata API Credential Access
Adversaries may attempt to access the Cloud Instance Metadata API to collect credentials and other sensitive data.
Why these techniques?

SSRF vulnerability in Gradio's /proxy route via X-Direct-Url header manipulation enables public-facing app exploitation (T1190), use as internal proxy to arbitrary URLs (T1090.001), internal network service discovery (T1046), and access to cloud metadata APIs for credential theft (T1552.005).

MITRE ATLAS TechniquesAI

MITRE ATLAS techniques

AML.T0016: Obtain CapabilitiesAML.T0040: AI Model Inference API AccessAML.T0024: Exfiltration via AI Inference APIAML.T0048: External Harms

Affected Assets

gradio project
gradio
3.47.1 — 4.18.0

Mitigating Controls

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-918

Penetration testing attempts server-side requests to internal resources, identifying SSRF weaknesses for remediation.

addresses: CWE-918

Outbound connections to external resources can be monitored and limited at the boundary, reducing SSRF impact.

addresses: CWE-918

Validates server-side URLs and resource references to block SSRF attempts.

addresses: CWE-918

Detects server-side request forgery through monitoring of unexpected outbound connections.

References