Cyber Resilience

CVE-2024-23963

Alpsalpine Ilx-F509 Firmware

Published
31 January 2025
Modified
12 August 2025
CVSS Score v3.1 8.0
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0046 38th percentile
Risk Priority 59 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2024-23963 is a high-severity Code Injection (CWE-94) vulnerability in Alpsalpine Ilx-F509 Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 8.0 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Command and Scripting Interpreter (T1059); ranked at the 38th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2024-23963 is a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in Alpine Halo9 devices. The issue resides in the PBAP_DecodeVCARD function, which fails to properly validate the length of user-supplied data before copying it to a stack-based buffer. This flaw, classified under CWE-94 (code injection), enables network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations.

To exploit this vulnerability, an attacker must first obtain the ability to pair a malicious Bluetooth device with the target system. Network-adjacent attackers with no privileges (PR:N) but requiring user interaction (UI:R) can then leverage the buffer overflow to execute code in the context of root, achieving high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impacts (C:H/I:H/A:H). The CVSS v3.1 base score is 8.0 (AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

Details on mitigation and patches are available in the Zero Day Initiative advisory at https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-24-850/.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Alpine Halo9 devices. An attacker must first obtain the ability to pair a malicious Bluetooth device with the target system in order to exploit this vulnerability. The…

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specific flaw exists within the PBAP_DecodeVCARD function. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter Execution
Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.
T1059.001 PowerShell Execution
Adversaries may abuse PowerShell commands and scripts for execution.
T1059.002 AppleScript Execution
Adversaries may abuse AppleScript for execution.
T1059.004 Unix Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution.
T1059.005 Visual Basic Execution
Adversaries may abuse Visual Basic (VB) for execution.
T1059.006 Python Execution
Adversaries may abuse Python commands and scripts for execution.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2024-23924Same product: Alpsalpine Ilx-F509
CVE-2024-23961Same product: Alpsalpine Ilx-F509
CVE-2024-23923Same product: Alpsalpine Ilx-F509
CVE-2024-23935Same product: Alpsalpine Ilx-F509
CVE-2024-23962Same product: Alpsalpine Ilx-F509
CVE-2024-23960Same product: Alpsalpine Ilx-F509
CVE-2026-1340Shared CWE-94
CVE-2024-54724Shared CWE-94
CVE-2013-3906Shared CWE-94
CVE-2023-25261Shared CWE-94

Affected Assets

alpsalpine
ilx-f509 firmware
all versions

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.3.1

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Developer testing and evaluation finds code paths that accept and execute externally influenced strings.

Input validation directly stops untrusted data from being used to construct executable code without neutralization.

Least privilege limits the damage an injected code fragment can perform once executed.

Requiring documented secure development standards and tools enforces use of safe code-generation APIs and escaping.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

PR.PS-06's SDLC practices directly target injection flaws via secure coding and testing (mostly), yet as a single broad outcome it leaves many code-generation specifics unaddressed (partial).

PR.DS-10 none match
prevents

PR.DS-10 protects runtime data confidentiality/integrity but has no bearing on neutralizing externally influenced input during code generation, so neither direction shows any preventive effect.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

prevents

Banning unapproved code samples and unauthenticated web services, combined with secure-coding standards and SAST, prevents the dynamic generation or inclusion of attacker-supplied code.

none

Controls that restrict unauthorized or malicious code from being introduced via external networks or removable media limit opportunities for an attacker to inject and execute arbitrary code.

References