CVE-2025-10689
Published: 18 September 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-10689 is a low-severity Injection (CWE-74) vulnerability in Dlink Dir-645 Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 2.1 (Low).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 42.7% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SA-22 (Unsupported System Components) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation).
Deeper analysis
CVE-2025-10689 is a command injection vulnerability affecting the D-Link DIR-645 router with firmware version 105B01. The flaw exists in the soapcgi_main function of the /soap.cgi file, where manipulation of the "service" argument enables command injection. Published on 2025-09-18, it is associated with CWE-74 and CWE-77, carrying a CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.3 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L).
The vulnerability allows remote exploitation by authenticated users with low privileges. Attackers can leverage the command injection to achieve limited impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, such as executing arbitrary commands on the device.
Affected products are no longer supported by the maintainer, with no patches available. An exploit is publicly available and might be used, as detailed in references including https://github.com/scanleale/IOT_sec/blob/main/DIR-645-soapcgi.pdf and VulDB entries at https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.324813, https://vuldb.com/?id.324813, and https://vuldb.com/?submit.653689. The D-Link website at https://www.dlink.com/ provides general product information but no specific mitigation for this issue.
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-30198
Vulnerability details
A vulnerability was identified in D-Link DIR-645 105B01. This issue affects the function soapcgi_main of the file /soap.cgi. Such manipulation of the argument service leads to command injection. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit is publicly available and…
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might be used. This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
Command injection in public-facing /soap.cgi enables exploitation of public-facing applications (T1190), indirect command execution via soapcgi_main (T1202), and arbitrary Unix shell command execution (T1059.004).
CVEs Like This One
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI
Directly blocks command injection by validating/sanitizing the service argument in soap.cgi before processing.
Limits the impact of any injected commands by restricting privileges of authenticated remote users on the device.
Mandates replacement or isolation of the unsupported DIR-645 firmware that receives no patches for this flaw.