Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-12050

High

Published: 14 January 2026

Published
14 January 2026
Modified
15 April 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v3.1 7.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0001 0.9th percentile
Risk Priority 16 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-12050 is a high-severity Out-of-bounds Write (CWE-787) vulnerability in Insyde (inferred from references). Its CVSS base score is 7.8 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068); ranked at the 0.9th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-16 (Memory Protection).

Deeper analysis

CVE-2025-12050 is a buffer overflow vulnerability (CWE-787) with a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H), published on 2026-01-14. It affects drivers in tool packages from Insyde that use the RTL_QUERY_REGISTRY_DIRECT flag to read registry values. An untrusted user-mode application can influence these registry values, triggering the buffer overflow during the read operation.

A local attacker with low privileges can exploit this vulnerability with low attack complexity and no user interaction required. Exploitation involves crafting a malicious registry value accessible via local access, leading to a buffer overflow in the driver. Successful attacks can achieve high impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, potentially enabling arbitrary code execution, data corruption, or denial of service within the affected driver context.

Insyde's security advisory SA-2025010 provides details on mitigation and patches, available at https://www.insyde.com/security-pledge/sa-2025010/. Security practitioners should consult this advisory for vendor-specific remediation steps, such as applying updated tool packages or disabling affected drivers where feasible.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

The drivers in the tool packages use RTL_QUERY_REGISTRY_DIRECT flag to read a registry value to which an untrusted user-mode application may be able to cause a buffer overflow.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
Why these techniques?

Local kernel-mode buffer overflow in a driver (via malicious registry value) directly enables privilege escalation to arbitrary code execution in kernel context.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2024-54509Shared CWE-787
CVE-2025-30273Shared CWE-787
CVE-2026-0124Shared CWE-787
CVE-2026-31401Shared CWE-787
CVE-2016-20044Shared CWE-787
CVE-2018-25265Shared CWE-787
CVE-2024-49738Shared CWE-787
CVE-2026-23343Shared CWE-787
CVE-2026-20432Shared CWE-787
CVE-2026-23092Shared CWE-787

Affected Assets

Insyde
inferred from references and description; NVD did not file a CPE for this CVE

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Directly remediates the buffer overflow vulnerability in Insyde drivers by requiring timely application of vendor patches from security advisory SA-2025010.

prevent

Mandates validation of untrusted registry values read by drivers using RTL_QUERY_REGISTRY_DIRECT to block buffer overflows triggered by malicious user-mode inputs.

prevent

Implements memory protections such as address space randomization and stack guards to mitigate exploitation of buffer overflows in kernel drivers even if invalid data is processed.

References