Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-14733

Memory Safety in Watchguard Fireware 11.10.2 – 12.5.15

CISA KEVActive ExploitationEUVD ExploitedMemory Safety
Published
19 December 2025
Modified
11 August 2026
KEV Added
19 December 2025
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v4 9.3
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:Red
EPSS Score 0.26 98th percentile
Risk Priority 75 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-14733 is a critical-severity Out-of-bounds Write (CWE-787) vulnerability in Watchguard Fireware. Its CVSS base score is 9.3 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068); ranked in the top 2% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; CISA has added it to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SA-15 (Development Process, Standards, and Tools) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2025-14733 is an out-of-bounds write vulnerability (CWE-787) in WatchGuard Fireware OS that may allow a remote unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code. It affects the Mobile User VPN with IKEv2 and the Branch Office VPN using IKEv2 when configured with a dynamic gateway peer. The vulnerability impacts Fireware OS versions 11.10.2 up to and including 11.12.4_Update1, 12.0 up to and including 12.11.5, and 2025.1 up to and including 2025.1.3. It has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H), reflecting critical severity due to high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impacts.

A remote unauthenticated attacker can exploit this vulnerability over the network with low complexity, no privileges, and no user interaction required. Successful exploitation enables arbitrary code execution on the affected Fireware OS device, potentially leading to full compromise of the VPN gateway.

Mitigation guidance is available in the WatchGuard PSIRT advisory at https://www.watchguard.com/wgrd-psirt/advisory/wgsa-2025-00027. The vulnerability is also listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog at https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-14733.

Published on 2025-12-19, CVE-2025-14733's presence in the CISA KEV catalog indicates real-world exploitation.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

An Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability in the WatchGuard Fireware OS iked process may allow a remote unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code. This vulnerability affects both the mobile user VPN with IKEv2 and the branch office VPN using IKEv2 when configured…

more

with a dynamic gateway peer. If the Firebox was previously configured with the mobile user VPN with IKEv2 or a branch office VPN using IKEv2 to a dynamic gateway peer, and both of those configurations have since been deleted, that Firebox may still be vulnerable if a branch office VPN to a static gateway peer is still configured.

CWE(s)
KEV Date Added
19 December 2025

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution Execution
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.
T1210 Exploitation of Remote Services Lateral Movement
Adversaries may exploit remote services to gain unauthorized access to internal systems once inside of a network.
T1211 Exploitation for Stealth Stealth
Adversaries may exploit vulnerabilities to evade detection by hiding activity, suppressing logging, or operating within trusted or unmonitored components.
T1212 Exploitation for Credential Access Credential Access
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to collect credentials.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2020-0986Shared CWE-787both on KEV
CVE-2021-30761Shared CWE-787both on KEV
CVE-2015-2424Shared CWE-787both on KEV
CVE-2024-4761Shared CWE-787both on KEV
CVE-2014-4404Shared CWE-787both on KEV
CVE-2021-21220Shared CWE-787both on KEV
CVE-2022-22587Shared CWE-787both on KEV
CVE-2015-1641Shared CWE-787both on KEV
CVE-2016-7200Shared CWE-787both on KEV
CVE-2024-37079Shared CWE-787both on KEV

Affected Assets

watchguard
fireware
11.10.2 — 12.5.15 · 11.10.2 — 12.11.6 · 2025.1 — 2025.1.4

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Developer testing and evaluation (including fuzzing and bounds checks) finds out-of-bounds write flaws before deployment.

Requiring documented secure-development standards and tools can mandate bounds-checked coding practices that avoid the weakness.

Input validation can structurally reject or sanitize data that would otherwise trigger an out-of-bounds write.

Memory-protection mechanisms limit the exploitability and blast radius of a successful out-of-bounds write.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure-development practices (static analysis, bounds checking, code review) are the primary means of preventing out-of-bounds writes.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Vulnerability scanning and recording can discover out-of-bounds write flaws so they can be remediated.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Patching or replacing vulnerable software directly eliminates known instances of this coding weakness.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing in development and acceptance can detect and prevent out-of-bounds write defects.

prevents

Secure development life cycle mandates practices that prevent out-of-bounds writes.

prevents

Application security requirements can specify bounds-checking and safe memory handling.

prevents

Secure architecture and engineering principles reduce the likelihood of buffer overflows.

prevents

Secure coding directly addresses out-of-bounds writes through language choice and coding standards.

prevents

Change management can enforce review gates that catch unsafe memory operations before deployment.

References