Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-21158

High

Published: 11 February 2025

Published
11 February 2025
Modified
03 March 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 7.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0008 22.9th percentile
Risk Priority 16 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-21158 is a high-severity Wrap or Wraparound (CWE-191) vulnerability in Adobe Indesign. Its CVSS base score is 7.8 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Client Execution (T1203); ranked at the 22.9th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 RA-5 (Vulnerability Monitoring and Scanning) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploitation for Client Execution (T1203) and 1 other technique. What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Requires timely patching of the integer underflow vulnerability in affected InDesign versions per Adobe bulletin APSB25-01 to prevent arbitrary code execution.

detect

Vulnerability scanning identifies systems with vulnerable InDesign installations, enabling prioritization and remediation of this specific CVE.

prevent

Memory protection mechanisms like non-executable memory and ASLR mitigate arbitrary code execution resulting from the integer underflow even if unpatched.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution Execution
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.
T1204.002 Malicious File Execution
An adversary may rely upon a user opening a malicious file in order to gain execution.
Why these techniques?

Integer underflow in InDesign enables client-side RCE via crafted malicious file opened by user (T1203 + T1204.002).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

InDesign Desktop versions ID20.0, ID19.5.1 and earlier are affected by an Integer Underflow (Wrap or Wraparound) vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that…

more

a victim must open a malicious file.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-21158 is an Integer Underflow (Wrap or Wraparound) vulnerability, classified under CWE-191, affecting Adobe InDesign Desktop versions ID20.0, ID19.5.1, and earlier. This flaw could lead to arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. The vulnerability received a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 (AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) and was published on 2025-02-11.

Exploitation requires local access and user interaction, specifically tricking a victim into opening a malicious file with a vulnerable InDesign installation. No special privileges are needed (PR:N), and the attack complexity is low (AC:L). Successful exploitation allows an attacker to achieve high-impact confidentiality, integrity, and availability violations (C:H/I:H/A:H) within the user's context, without changing scope.

Adobe's security bulletin APSB25-01, available at https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/indesign/apsb25-01.html, provides details on mitigation and available patches for affected InDesign versions.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

adobe
indesign
20.0 · ≤ 19.5.2

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References