CVE-2025-21339
Published: 14 January 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-21339 is a high-severity Heap-based Buffer Overflow (CWE-122) vulnerability in Microsoft Windows 10 1507. Its CVSS base score is 8.8 (High).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Client Execution (T1203); ranked in the top 9.1% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-16 (Memory Protection) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).
Threat & Defense at a Glance
Threat & Defense Details
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI
SI-2 requires timely remediation of flaws, directly addressing the heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Telephony Service by mandating patch application as recommended by Microsoft.
SI-16 implements memory protections such as ASLR and DEP that comprehensively mitigate heap-based buffer overflow exploits leading to remote code execution.
SI-10 enforces input validation to prevent buffer overflows in the Windows Telephony Service when processing malicious files or network resources.
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
The CVE describes a remote code execution vulnerability in the Windows Telephony Service triggered by user interaction with malicious files or network resources, directly mapping to exploitation for client execution.
NVD Description
Windows Telephony Service Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Deeper analysisAI
CVE-2025-21339 is a remote code execution vulnerability affecting the Windows Telephony Service, published on 2025-01-14. It stems from a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) with a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H), indicating high severity due to its potential for network-accessible exploitation with low complexity, though requiring user interaction.
A remote unauthenticated attacker can exploit this vulnerability by tricking a user into performing an action, such as interacting with a maliciously crafted file or network resource processed by the Windows Telephony Service. Successful exploitation allows arbitrary code execution in the context of the service, potentially leading to high-impact compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability on the targeted Windows system.
Microsoft's Security Response Center provides an update guide for mitigation at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-21339, recommending application of available patches to affected Windows versions.
Details
- CWE(s)