Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-24056

High

Published: 11 March 2025

Published
11 March 2025
Modified
02 July 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 8.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0030 53.2th percentile
Risk Priority 18 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-24056 is a high-severity Heap-based Buffer Overflow (CWE-122) vulnerability in Microsoft Windows Server 2008. Its CVSS base score is 8.8 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Client Execution (T1203); ranked in the top 46.8% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-16 (Memory Protection).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploitation for Client Execution (T1203) and 1 other technique. What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Directly mitigates the heap-based buffer overflow by requiring timely remediation through patching as recommended in Microsoft's update guide.

prevent

Implements memory protection mechanisms such as heap isolation and guard pages that prevent exploitation of heap-based buffer overflows leading to arbitrary code execution.

prevent

Validates network inputs to the Windows Telephony Server to ensure they do not exceed buffer boundaries, directly countering the buffer overflow vulnerability.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution Execution
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.
T1059.001 PowerShell Execution
Adversaries may abuse PowerShell commands and scripts for execution.
Why these techniques?

Heap buffer overflow in Windows Telephony Server enables RCE via malicious link or crafted file (user interaction), directly mapping to client exploitation and arbitrary command/script execution.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

NVD Description

Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Telephony Server allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-24056 is a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability (CWE-122) in the Windows Telephony Server component of Microsoft Windows. Published on March 11, 2025, it has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8, reflecting its high severity due to network accessibility, low attack complexity, and potential for significant impact.

An unauthorized attacker can exploit this vulnerability over a network without requiring privileges (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N), though it necessitates user interaction (UI:R), such as clicking a malicious link or opening a crafted file. Successful exploitation allows arbitrary code execution with high impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (C:H/I:H/A:H), potentially leading to full system compromise in the context of the affected server process.

Microsoft's update guide at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-24056 provides details on patches and recommended mitigations for addressing this vulnerability.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

microsoft
windows 10 1507
≤ 10.0.10240.20947
microsoft
windows 10 1607
≤ 10.0.14393.7876 · ≤ 10.0.14393.7876
microsoft
windows 10 1809
≤ 10.0.17763.7009 · ≤ 10.0.17763.7009
microsoft
windows 10 21h2
≤ 10.0.19044.5608
microsoft
windows 10 22h2
≤ 10.0.19045.5608
microsoft
windows 11 22h2
≤ 10.0.22621.5039
microsoft
windows 11 23h2
≤ 10.0.22631.5039
microsoft
windows 11 24h2
≤ 10.0.26100.3403 · 10.0.26100.3403 — 10.0.26100.3476
microsoft
windows server 2008
all versions, r2
microsoft
windows server 2012
r2 · ≤ 6.2.9200.25368
+5 more product configuration(s) — see NVD for full list

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-21266Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21407Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21303Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21339Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21233Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21371Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21409Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21240Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-59295Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21411Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507

References