CVE-2025-22504
Published: 09 January 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-22504 is a critical-severity Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type (CWE-434) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 10.0 (Critical).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 48.7% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).
Threat & Defense at a Glance
Threat & Defense Details
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI
Directly requires validation of file upload inputs to block dangerous types like web shells, addressing the core unrestricted upload vulnerability.
Mandates identification, reporting, and correction of the specific flaw in the 4ECPS Web Forms plugin, enabling timely patching to eliminate the vulnerability.
Deploys malicious code protection at web upload entry points to scan and block web shells attempting to be uploaded to the server.
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
Direct arbitrary file upload to public-facing WordPress plugin enables web shell deployment (T1100) after exploiting the exposed application (T1190).
NVD Description
Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type vulnerability in jumpdemand 4ECPS Web Forms 4ecps-webforms allows Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server.This issue affects 4ECPS Web Forms: from n/a through <= 0.2.18.
Deeper analysisAI
CVE-2025-22504 is an Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type vulnerability (CWE-434) in the 4ECPS Web Forms WordPress plugin by jumpdemand. This issue affects all versions of the 4ecps-webforms plugin up to and including 0.2.18, enabling attackers to upload a web shell directly to the web server.
The vulnerability carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 10.0 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H), indicating it is exploitable remotely with low complexity, no privileges, and no user interaction required, while changing scope to achieve high impacts across confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Unauthenticated attackers can leverage this flaw to upload malicious files, such as web shells, potentially resulting in arbitrary code execution and full server compromise.
Patchstack's advisory documents this as an arbitrary file upload vulnerability specifically in 4ECPS Web Forms plugin version 0.2.18, available at https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/4ecps-webforms/vulnerability/wordpress-4ecps-web-forms-plugin-0-2-18-arbitrary-file-upload-vulnerability?_s_id=cve. Security practitioners should consult this reference for detailed mitigation steps.
Details
- CWE(s)