CVE-2025-22760

High

Published: 15 January 2025

Published

15 January 2025

Modified

23 April 2026

KEV Added

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Patch

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CVSS Score 7.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L

EPSS Score 0.0017 37.5th percentile

Risk Priority 14 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-22760 is a high-severity Cross-site Scripting (CWE-79) vulnerability in Codebard Codebard Help Desk. Its CVSS base score is 7.1 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Browser Session Hijacking (T1185); ranked at the 37.5th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-15 (Information Output Filtering).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Browser Session Hijacking (T1185) and 2 other techniques. What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.

Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

SI-15 Information Output Filtering good match

prevent

Directly addresses reflected XSS by requiring filtering of web page output to neutralize injected scripts before rendering.

SI-10 Information Input Validation good match

prevent

Prevents exploitation by validating and sanitizing user inputs to block malicious script payloads in the CodeBard Help Desk plugin.

SI-2 Flaw Remediation good match

prevent

Mitigates the specific flaw in versions <=1.1.2 by requiring timely remediation through patching the vulnerable WordPress plugin.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1185 Browser Session Hijacking Collection

Adversaries may take advantage of security vulnerabilities and inherent functionality in browser software to change content, modify user-behaviors, and intercept information as part of various browser session hijacking techniques.

attack.mitre.org →

T1539 Steal Web Session Cookie Credential Access

An adversary may steal web application or service session cookies and use them to gain access to web applications or Internet services as an authenticated user without needing credentials.

attack.mitre.org →

T1566.002 Spearphishing Link Initial Access

Adversaries may send spearphishing emails with a malicious link in an attempt to gain access to victim systems.

attack.mitre.org →

Why these techniques?

Reflected XSS enables arbitrary script injection in user browsers, directly facilitating browser session hijacking (T1185) and stealing web session cookies (T1539); exploitation typically involves malicious links consistent with spearphishing (T1566.002).

Confidence: MEDIUM · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in CodeBard CodeBard Help Desk codebard-help-desk allows Reflected XSS.This issue affects CodeBard Help Desk: from n/a through <= 1.1.2.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-22760 is an Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation vulnerability, classified as Reflected Cross-site Scripting (XSS) under CWE-79, in the CodeBard Help Desk WordPress plugin (codebard-help-desk). This issue affects all versions from n/a through 1.1.2 inclusive. The vulnerability was published on 2025-01-15 and carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.1 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L), indicating high severity due to its network accessibility and scope change.

Attackers can exploit this Reflected XSS over the network with low attack complexity, requiring no privileges but user interaction, such as clicking a malicious link. Exploitation changes the security scope, enabling limited impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. In practice, this allows injection of arbitrary scripts into web pages viewed by users, potentially leading to session hijacking, data theft, or further phishing within the victim's browser context.

The Patchstack advisory documents this vulnerability in the CodeBard Help Desk WordPress plugin version 1.1.2 and provides further technical details: https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/codebard-help-desk/vulnerability/wordpress-codebard-help-desk-plugin-1-1-2-reflected-cross-site-scripting-xss-vulnerability?_s_id=cve.