Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-23475

High

Published: 22 January 2025

Published
22 January 2025
Modified
23 April 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 7.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L
EPSS Score 0.0035 57.2th percentile
Risk Priority 14 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-23475 is a high-severity Cross-site Scripting (CWE-79) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 7.1 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Malicious Link (T1204.001); ranked in the top 42.8% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-15 (Information Output Filtering).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Malicious Link (T1204.001) and 1 other technique. What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

SI-10 requires validation of information inputs, directly addressing the improper neutralization of input that enables reflected XSS in the history-timeline plugin.

prevent

SI-15 mandates filtering of information output to block malicious scripts, preventing execution of injected XSS payloads in victim browsers.

prevent

SI-2 ensures timely identification, reporting, and correction of flaws like this reflected XSS vulnerability in the WordPress plugin versions up to 0.7.2.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1204.001 Malicious Link Execution
An adversary may rely upon a user clicking a malicious link in order to gain execution.
T1539 Steal Web Session Cookie Credential Access
An adversary may steal web application or service session cookies and use them to gain access to web applications or Internet services as an authenticated user without needing credentials.
Why these techniques?

Reflected XSS enables crafting malicious URLs for script execution in victim's browser upon visit (facilitating T1204.001 Malicious Link) and stealing web session cookies (T1539).

Confidence: MEDIUM · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in fireantology History timeline history-timeline allows Reflected XSS.This issue affects History timeline: from n/a through <= 0.7.2.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-23475 is an Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation vulnerability, classified as Reflected Cross-site Scripting (XSS) under CWE-79, in the fireantology History Timeline WordPress plugin, known as history-timeline. This issue affects all versions from n/a through 0.7.2, as published on 2025-01-22.

The vulnerability carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.1 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L). Remote attackers with no required privileges can exploit it over the network with low attack complexity, though it requires user interaction, such as a victim visiting a crafted URL. Exploitation enables limited impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability across a changed scope, typically allowing script execution in the victim's browser to steal session cookies or perform other client-side actions.

Patchstack's advisory at https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/history-timeline/vulnerability/wordpress-history-timeline-plugin-0-7-2-reflected-cross-site-scripting-xss-vulnerability?_s_id=cve documents the Reflected XSS vulnerability in the WordPress History Timeline plugin version 0.7.2. Practitioners should review this reference for recommended mitigations, such as applying available patches or implementing input sanitization.

Details

CWE(s)

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-23602Shared CWE-79
CVE-2025-26584Shared CWE-79
CVE-2025-26536Shared CWE-79
CVE-2025-23540Shared CWE-79
CVE-2025-23587Shared CWE-79
CVE-2025-23770Shared CWE-79
CVE-2025-23619Shared CWE-79
CVE-2025-24708Shared CWE-79
CVE-2025-12551Shared CWE-79
CVE-2026-23973Shared CWE-79

References