Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-23587

High

Published: 03 March 2025

Published
03 March 2025
Modified
23 April 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 7.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L
EPSS Score 0.0023 45.9th percentile
Risk Priority 14 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-23587 is a high-severity Cross-site Scripting (CWE-79) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 7.1 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Malicious Link (T1204.001); ranked at the 45.9th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-15 (Information Output Filtering).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Malicious Link (T1204.001) and 1 other technique. What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Directly mitigates CVE-2025-23587 by requiring identification, reporting, and correction of the specific flaw in the all-in-one-box-login WordPress plugin through patching.

prevent

Prevents reflected XSS exploitation by filtering information outputs to ensure malicious scripts from untrusted inputs are not executed in users' browsers.

prevent

Stops reflected XSS attacks by validating and sanitizing untrusted network inputs to the WordPress plugin before they are processed or reflected.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1204.001 Malicious Link Execution
An adversary may rely upon a user clicking a malicious link in order to gain execution.
T1539 Steal Web Session Cookie Credential Access
An adversary may steal web application or service session cookies and use them to gain access to web applications or Internet services as an authenticated user without needing credentials.
Why these techniques?

Reflected XSS enables crafting malicious links that trigger client-side script execution upon user click (T1204.001) and directly supports stealing web session cookies via injected JavaScript as described.

Confidence: MEDIUM · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

NVD Description

Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in Ashek Al Mahmud all-in-one-box-login all-in-one-login allows Reflected XSS.This issue affects all-in-one-box-login: from n/a through <= 2.0.1.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-23587 is an Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation vulnerability, classified as Reflected Cross-site Scripting (XSS) under CWE-79, affecting the WordPress plugin all-in-one-box-login (also referred to as all-in-one-login) developed by Ashek Al Mahmud. The issue impacts all versions of the plugin from n/a through <= 2.0.1. It was published on 2025-03-03T14:15:43.437 and carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.1 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L).

An unauthenticated attacker can exploit this vulnerability over the network with low attack complexity by crafting malicious input that is reflected and executed in a victim's browser upon user interaction, such as clicking a specially crafted link. Exploitation requires the victim to interact with the malicious payload, after which the attacker can achieve low impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability in a changed scope, potentially leading to session token theft or other client-side script execution within the context of the affected site.

Mitigation details are available in the Patchstack advisory at https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/all-in-one-login/vulnerability/wordpress-all-in-one-box-login-plugin-2-0-1-reflected-cross-site-scripting-xss-vulnerability?_s_id=cve.

Details

CWE(s)

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-23602Shared CWE-79
CVE-2025-26584Shared CWE-79
CVE-2025-26536Shared CWE-79
CVE-2025-23540Shared CWE-79
CVE-2025-23770Shared CWE-79
CVE-2025-23619Shared CWE-79
CVE-2025-23475Shared CWE-79
CVE-2025-24708Shared CWE-79
CVE-2025-12551Shared CWE-79
CVE-2026-23973Shared CWE-79

References